Abstract：
Restorative material selection has become increasingly challenging due to the speed of new developments in the field of dental material science. The present narrative review gives an overview of the current indications for implant abutments and restoration materials for provisional and definitive implant-supported fixed dental prostheses in partially edentulous patients. For single implant restorations, titanium base abutments for crowns are suggested as an alternative to the conventional stock- and customized abutments made out of metal or zirconia. They combine the mechanical stability of a metallic connection with the esthetic potential of ceramics. For multiple-unit restorations, conical titanium bases especially designed for bridges are recommended, to compensate for deviating implant insertion axes and angulations. Even though titanium base abutments with different geometries and heights are available, certain clinical scenarios still benefit from customized titanium abutments. Indications for the definitive material in fixed implant restorations depend on the region of tooth replacement. In the posterior (not esthetically critical) zone, ceramics such as zirconia (3-5-Ymol%) and lithium-disilicate are recommended to be used in a monolithic fashion. In the anterior sector, ceramic restorations may be buccally micro-veneered for an optimal esthetic appearance. Lithium-disilicate is only recommended for single-crowns, while zirconia (3-5-Ymol%) is also recommended for multiple-unit and cantilever restorations. Attention must be given to the specific mechanical properties of different types of zirconia, as some feature reduced mechanical strengths and are therefore not indicated for all regions and restoration span lengths. Metal-ceramics remain an option, especially for cantilever restorations.
摘要：
由于牙科材料科学领域新发展的速度，恢复性材料的选择变得越来越具有挑战性。本叙述性综述概述了部分缺牙患者的临时和最终植入物支持的固定假牙的植入物基台和修复材料的当前适应症。对于单种植体修复体，建议使用钛基基台作为传统的金属或氧化锆基台和定制基台的替代品。它们将金属连接的机械稳定性与陶瓷的美学潜力相结合。对于多单元恢复，锥形钛底座特别为桥梁设计的建议，以补偿偏离的植入物插入轴和角度。即使具有不同几何形状和高度的钛基台是可用的，某些临床方案仍然受益于定制的钛基台。固定植入物修复体中确定材料的适应症取决于牙齿置换的区域。在后部（非美学临界）区域，建议以整体方式使用陶瓷，例如氧化锆（3-5-Ymol%）和二硅酸锂。在前部，陶瓷修复体可以是颊微贴面的，以获得最佳的美学外观。二硅酸锂仅推荐用于单冠，而氧化锆（3-5-Ymol％）也建议用于多单元和悬臂修复。必须注意不同类型氧化锆的特定机械性能，由于某些特征降低了机械强度，因此并未显示所有区域和恢复跨度长度。金属陶瓷仍然是一种选择，特别是悬臂修复。
