PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The native populations of Iris hymenospatha and Iris histrio, two endangered bulbous species within the large Iris genus in Iridaceae, are threatened with extinction due to mining and other industrial activities in their natural habitats in Central Asia, including Iran. These species not only have a significant economic impact on the global horticultural industry due to their versatility and attractive phenotypic traits, but also have significant ecological value that necessitates their conservation. In this study, we examined the morphological and functional diversity between individuals within these two species, which exhibit high tolerance to environmental stresses. Our study examined 10 populations of I. hymenospatha and two populations of I. histrio based on bulb, flower, and leaf characteristics throughout Iran. We recognized a gradation of five different leaf shapes among I. hymenospatha populations with significant differences between some populations, including \"Arak-Khomain\" and \"Arak-Gerdo\". The \"Jaro\", \"Natanz-Karkas\", \"Ardestan-Taleghan\", \"Arak-Rahjerd\", \"Arak-Gerdo\", \"Ganjnameh\", and \"Abas-Abad\" populations of I. hymenospatha displayed maximal values in leaf width, stem diameter under flower, crown diameter, flower number, leaf number, and bulb diameter. The I. histrio \"Velian\" population had a significantly larger flower size, a longer stem length, a larger style width, a longer flowering date, and a higher plant height compared to the \"Ganjnameh\" population of I. histrio. Such characteristics of both species make them remarkable ornamental plants. Our study also revealed that I. hymenospatha populations grow on different soils and elevations and have the ability to adapt to different growing conditions. Given the threats they face, conservation through horticultural selection and propagation offers a viable conservation strategy for both species. This approach not only preserves the genetic diversity of these species, but also enables their further contribution to the horticultural industry.
摘要：
Irishymenospatha和Irishistrio的本地人口，虹膜科大虹膜属中的两个濒危球茎物种，由于中亚自然栖息地的采矿和其他工业活动而面临灭绝的威胁，包括伊朗。这些物种由于其多功能性和有吸引力的表型特征，不仅对全球园艺业产生重大的经济影响，但也具有重要的生态价值，需要对其进行保护。在这项研究中,我们检查了这两个物种中个体之间的形态和功能多样性，对环境压力表现出高耐受性。我们的研究基于球茎检查了10个I.hymenospatha种群和两个I.histrio种群，花,和整个伊朗的叶子特征。我们认识到I.hymenospatha种群中五种不同叶片形状的分级，某些种群之间存在显着差异，包括“Arak-Khomain”和“Arak-Gerdo”。\"Jaro\",“纳坦兹-卡尔卡斯”，\"Ardestan-Taleghan\",\"Arak-Rahjerd\",\"Arak-Gerdo\",\"Ganjnameh\",和“Abas-Abad”I.hymenospatha的种群显示出叶片宽度的最大值，花下的茎直径，冠部直径,花数,叶数,和灯泡直径。I.histrio“Velian”种群的花朵尺寸明显更大，更长的茎长度，更大的样式宽度，更长的开花日期，与I.Histrio的“Ganjnameh”种群相比，植物高度更高。这两个物种的这种特征使它们成为非凡的观赏植物。我们的研究还表明，I.hymenospatha种群生长在不同的土壤和海拔上，并具有适应不同生长条件的能力。鉴于他们面临的威胁，通过园艺选择和繁殖进行保护为这两个物种提供了可行的保护策略。这种方法不仅保留了这些物种的遗传多样性，而且也使他们对园艺业的进一步贡献。
