Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) are a serious concern for public health with high morbidity and mortality. Though many antibiotics have been introduced to manage these infections, there are remaining concerns regarding the optimal management of Gram-positive MDROs.
UNASSIGNED: A literature search on the PubMed/Medline database was conducted. We applied no language and time limits for the search strategy. In this narrative review, we discuss the current options for managing Gram-positive MDROs as well as non-traditional antibacterial agents in development.
UNASSIGNED: Despite their introduction more than 70 years ago, glycopeptides are still the cornerstone in treating Gram-positive infections: all registrative studies of new antibiotics have glycopeptides as control; these studies are designed as not inferior studies, therefore it is almost impossible to give recommendations other than the use of glycopeptides in the treatment of Gram-positive infections. The best evidence on treatments different from glycopeptides comes from post-hoc analysis and meta-analysis. Non-traditional antibacterial agents are being studied to aid in short and effective antibiotic therapies. The use of non-traditional antibacterial agents is not restricted to replacing traditional antibacterial agents with alternative therapies; instead, they should be used in combination with antibiotic therapies.
UNASSIGNED: A literature search on the PubMed/Medline database was conducted. We applied no language and time limits for the search strategy. In this narrative review, we discuss the current options for managing Gram-positive MDROs as well as non-traditional antibacterial agents in development.
UNASSIGNED: Despite their introduction more than 70 years ago, glycopeptides are still the cornerstone in treating Gram-positive infections: all registrative studies of new antibiotics have glycopeptides as control; these studies are designed as not inferior studies, therefore it is almost impossible to give recommendations other than the use of glycopeptides in the treatment of Gram-positive infections. The best evidence on treatments different from glycopeptides comes from post-hoc analysis and meta-analysis. Non-traditional antibacterial agents are being studied to aid in short and effective antibiotic therapies. The use of non-traditional antibacterial agents is not restricted to replacing traditional antibacterial agents with alternative therapies; instead, they should be used in combination with antibiotic therapies.
摘要：
■多药耐药生物（MDRO）引起的感染是公共卫生的严重问题，发病率和死亡率都很高。尽管已经引入了许多抗生素来管理这些感染，关于革兰氏阳性MDRO的最佳管理，仍然存在担忧。
■在PubMed/Medline数据库上进行了文献检索。我们对搜索策略没有语言和时间限制。在这篇叙述性评论中，我们讨论了目前管理革兰氏阳性MDROs的选择以及开发中的非传统抗菌剂。
■尽管它们在70多年前被引入，糖肽仍然是治疗革兰氏阳性感染的基石：所有新抗生素的注册研究都有糖肽作为对照；这些研究被设计为不劣质研究，因此，除了使用糖肽治疗革兰氏阳性感染外，几乎不可能提供其他建议。与糖肽不同的治疗方法的最佳证据来自事后分析和荟萃分析。正在研究非传统的抗菌剂以帮助短期和有效的抗生素治疗。非传统抗菌剂的使用不仅限于用替代疗法代替传统抗菌剂；相反，它们应与抗生素疗法结合使用。
■在PubMed/Medline数据库上进行了文献检索。我们对搜索策略没有语言和时间限制。在这篇叙述性评论中，我们讨论了目前管理革兰氏阳性MDROs的选择以及开发中的非传统抗菌剂。
■尽管它们在70多年前被引入，糖肽仍然是治疗革兰氏阳性感染的基石：所有新抗生素的注册研究都有糖肽作为对照；这些研究被设计为不劣质研究，因此，除了使用糖肽治疗革兰氏阳性感染外，几乎不可能提供其他建议。与糖肽不同的治疗方法的最佳证据来自事后分析和荟萃分析。正在研究非传统的抗菌剂以帮助短期和有效的抗生素治疗。非传统抗菌剂的使用不仅限于用替代疗法代替传统抗菌剂；相反，它们应与抗生素疗法结合使用。
