Abstract：
The aim of this study was to develop a star fruit extract (SFE) and incorporate it into aerogels based on native and phosphorylated potato starches. The phosphorylation of starch enhances its properties by incorporating phosphate groups that increase the spaces between starch molecules, resulting in a more resilient, intact aerogel with enhanced water absorption. The bioactive aerogels based on potato starch and 10, 15, and 20 % (w/w) of SFE were characterized by their morphological and thermogravimetric properties, infrared spectra, water absorption capacity, loading capacity, and antioxidant activity. Epicatechin was the major compound present in SFE. The thermal stability of SFE increased when incorporated into phosphorylated starch aerogels at a concentration of 20 %. The water absorption capacity was higher in phosphorylated starch aerogels (reaching 1577 %) than in their native counterparts (reaching 1100 %). Native starch aerogels with 15 and 20 % SFE exhibited higher antioxidant activity against hydroxyl free radicals compared to phosphorylated starch aerogels, achieving 79.9 % and 86.4 % inhibition for the hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals, respectively. The ideal choice of freeze-dried aerogel depends on the desired effect, either to act as an antioxidant agent by releasing bioactive compounds from SFE or as a water-absorbent agent in food products.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是开发一种杨果提取物（SFE），并将其掺入基于天然和磷酸化马铃薯淀粉的气凝胶中。淀粉的磷酸化通过掺入增加淀粉分子之间空间的磷酸基团来增强其性质,导致更有弹性，完整的气凝胶具有增强的吸水性。基于马铃薯淀粉和10、15和20％（w/w）SFE的生物活性气凝胶通过其形态和热重特性进行了表征，红外光谱,吸水能力，装载能力,和抗氧化活性。表儿茶素是SFE中存在的主要化合物。以20％的浓度掺入磷酸化淀粉气凝胶中时，SFE的热稳定性会提高。磷酸化淀粉气凝胶的吸水率（达到1577％）高于天然淀粉气凝胶的吸水率（达到1100％）。与磷酸化淀粉气凝胶相比，具有15％和20％SFE的天然淀粉气凝胶对羟基自由基具有更高的抗氧化活性，对羟基和一氧化氮自由基的抑制达到79.9%和86.4%，分别。冻干气凝胶的理想选择取决于所需的效果，通过从SFE中释放生物活性化合物而充当抗氧化剂或在食品中充当吸水剂。
