PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In March 2024, the US Department of Agriculture\'s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service reported detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus in dairy cattle in the United States for the first time. One factor that determines susceptibility to HPAI H5N1 infection is the presence of specific virus receptors on host cells; however, little is known about the distribution of the sialic acid (SA) receptors in dairy cattle, particularly in mammary glands. We compared the distribution of SA receptors in the respiratory tract and mammary gland of dairy cattle naturally infected with HPAI H5N1. The respiratory and mammary glands of HPAI H5N1-infected dairy cattle are rich in SA, particularly avian influenza virus-specific SA α2,3-gal. Mammary gland tissues co-stained with sialic acids and influenza A virus nucleoprotein showed predominant co-localization with the virus and SA α2,3-gal. HPAI H5N1 exhibited epitheliotropism within the mammary gland, and we observed rare immunolabeling within macrophages.
摘要：
2024年3月，美国农业部动植物卫生检验局首次报告在美国奶牛中检测到高致病性禽流感（HPAI）A（H5N1）病毒。决定HPAIH5N1感染易感性的一个因素是宿主细胞上存在特定病毒受体；然而，对乳牛中唾液酸（SA）受体的分布知之甚少，特别是在乳腺中。我们比较了自然感染HPAIH5N1的奶牛的呼吸道和乳腺中SA受体的分布。H5N1感染HPAI奶牛的呼吸道和乳腺富含SA,特别是禽流感病毒特异性SAα2,3-gal。用唾液酸和甲型流感病毒核蛋白共染色的乳腺组织显示出与病毒和SAα2,3-gal的主要共定位。HPAIH5N1在乳腺内表现出上皮性，我们在巨噬细胞内观察到罕见的免疫标记。
