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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Fixed orthodontic appliances may increase the risk for caries and white spot lesions. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the long-term associations between both in orthodontic patients.
METHODS: 103 patients aged 36.6 ± 6.5 years whose fixed appliance orthodontic treatment had finished at least 15 years ago were included. Current clinical data and photographs (T3), panoramic x-ray and photographs from before treatment (T0), after debonding (T1) and at 2-year follow-up (T2) were available. Parameters of interest were dentine caries, \"Missing/Filled Teeth\" (MFT), \"White Spot Lesion\" (WSL) index and \"Periodontal Screening and Recording\" index (PSR; T3 only).
RESULTS: At T0, 30.4% had no caries experience decreasing to 25.6%, 22.4% and 6.8% at T1, T2 and T3 resp. The median MFT (95% CI) at T0, T1, T2 and T3 was 2 (1;3), 3 (2;4), 3 (2;4) and 7 (6;9) resp. increasing significantly at each time point (p < 0.001 each); 30.1% had WSL at debonding. Patients with caries experience at T0 had a 2.4-fold increased risk of WSL at debonding. Dentine caries, caries experience and WSL at T1 were significantly associated with incident caries at T2, but not at T3. PSR at T3 had a significant association with previous caries incidence and WSL.
CONCLUSIONS: Caries experience prior to orthodontic treatment may constitute a risk indicator for WSL, and caries experience and WSL at its end for caries incidence in the near term.
CONCLUSIONS: Present caries and WSL may help identifying orthodontic patients with special need for prevention and counselling.
METHODS: 103 patients aged 36.6 ± 6.5 years whose fixed appliance orthodontic treatment had finished at least 15 years ago were included. Current clinical data and photographs (T3), panoramic x-ray and photographs from before treatment (T0), after debonding (T1) and at 2-year follow-up (T2) were available. Parameters of interest were dentine caries, \"Missing/Filled Teeth\" (MFT), \"White Spot Lesion\" (WSL) index and \"Periodontal Screening and Recording\" index (PSR; T3 only).
RESULTS: At T0, 30.4% had no caries experience decreasing to 25.6%, 22.4% and 6.8% at T1, T2 and T3 resp. The median MFT (95% CI) at T0, T1, T2 and T3 was 2 (1;3), 3 (2;4), 3 (2;4) and 7 (6;9) resp. increasing significantly at each time point (p < 0.001 each); 30.1% had WSL at debonding. Patients with caries experience at T0 had a 2.4-fold increased risk of WSL at debonding. Dentine caries, caries experience and WSL at T1 were significantly associated with incident caries at T2, but not at T3. PSR at T3 had a significant association with previous caries incidence and WSL.
CONCLUSIONS: Caries experience prior to orthodontic treatment may constitute a risk indicator for WSL, and caries experience and WSL at its end for caries incidence in the near term.
CONCLUSIONS: Present caries and WSL may help identifying orthodontic patients with special need for prevention and counselling.
摘要：
目的：固定正畸矫治器可能会增加龋齿和白斑病变的风险。这项回顾性研究的目的是确定正畸患者之间的长期关联。
方法：103例36.6±6.5岁患者，其固定矫治器正畸治疗至少在15年前完成。当前临床数据和照片（T3），全景X射线和治疗前的照片（T0），脱粘（T1）和2年随访（T2）后可用。感兴趣的参数是牙本质龋齿，“缺牙/缺牙”（MFT），“白斑病变”（WSL）指数和“牙周筛查和记录”指数（仅PSR；T3）。
结果：在T0时，30.4％的人没有龋齿，减少到25.6％，T1、T2和T3分别为22.4%和6.8%。在T0，T1，T2和T3的中位数MFT（95％CI）为2（1;3），3(2;4),3（2；4）和7（6；9）分别。在每个时间点显着增加（每个p<0.001）；30.1％的人在脱粘时具有WSL。在T0有龋齿经历的患者在脱粘时WSL的风险增加2.4倍。牙本质龋齿,T1时的龋齿经历和WSL与T2时的龋齿发生显著相关,但与T3时无显著相关性.T3时的PSR与先前的龋齿发生率和WSL有显着关联。
结论：正畸治疗前的龋齿可能构成WSL的风险指标，和龋齿经验和WSL在其结束时对龋齿发病率的影响。
结论：目前的龋齿和WSL可能有助于识别需要预防和咨询的正畸患者。
方法：103例36.6±6.5岁患者，其固定矫治器正畸治疗至少在15年前完成。当前临床数据和照片（T3），全景X射线和治疗前的照片（T0），脱粘（T1）和2年随访（T2）后可用。感兴趣的参数是牙本质龋齿，“缺牙/缺牙”（MFT），“白斑病变”（WSL）指数和“牙周筛查和记录”指数（仅PSR；T3）。
结果：在T0时，30.4％的人没有龋齿，减少到25.6％，T1、T2和T3分别为22.4%和6.8%。在T0，T1，T2和T3的中位数MFT（95％CI）为2（1;3），3(2;4),3（2；4）和7（6；9）分别。在每个时间点显着增加（每个p<0.001）；30.1％的人在脱粘时具有WSL。在T0有龋齿经历的患者在脱粘时WSL的风险增加2.4倍。牙本质龋齿,T1时的龋齿经历和WSL与T2时的龋齿发生显著相关,但与T3时无显著相关性.T3时的PSR与先前的龋齿发生率和WSL有显着关联。
结论：正畸治疗前的龋齿可能构成WSL的风险指标，和龋齿经验和WSL在其结束时对龋齿发病率的影响。
结论：目前的龋齿和WSL可能有助于识别需要预防和咨询的正畸患者。
