PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Mental illness is the leading cause of years lived with disability, and the global disease burden of mental ill-health has increased substantially in the last number of decades. There is now increasing evidence that environmental conditions, and in particular poor air quality, may be associated with mental health and wellbeing.
METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis uses data on mental health and wellbeing from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), a nationally representative survey of the population aged 50+ in Ireland. Annual average PM2.5 concentrations at respondents\' residential addresses over the period 1998-2014 are used to measure long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5.
RESULTS: We find evidence of associations between long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 and depression and anxiety. The measured associations are strong, and are comparable with effect sizes for variables such as sex. Effects are also evident at relatively low concentrations by international standards. However, we find no evidence of associations between long-term ambient particulate pollution and other indicators of mental health and well-being such as stress, worry and quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS: The measured associations are strong, particularly considering the relatively low PM2.5 concentrations prevailing in Ireland compared to many other countries. While it is estimated that over 90 per cent of the world\'s population lives in areas with annual mean PM2.5 concentrations greater than 10 μg/m3, these results contribute to the increasing evidence that suggests that harmful effects can be detected at even low levels of air pollution.
METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis uses data on mental health and wellbeing from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), a nationally representative survey of the population aged 50+ in Ireland. Annual average PM2.5 concentrations at respondents\' residential addresses over the period 1998-2014 are used to measure long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5.
RESULTS: We find evidence of associations between long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 and depression and anxiety. The measured associations are strong, and are comparable with effect sizes for variables such as sex. Effects are also evident at relatively low concentrations by international standards. However, we find no evidence of associations between long-term ambient particulate pollution and other indicators of mental health and well-being such as stress, worry and quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS: The measured associations are strong, particularly considering the relatively low PM2.5 concentrations prevailing in Ireland compared to many other countries. While it is estimated that over 90 per cent of the world\'s population lives in areas with annual mean PM2.5 concentrations greater than 10 μg/m3, these results contribute to the increasing evidence that suggests that harmful effects can be detected at even low levels of air pollution.
摘要：
背景：精神疾病是导致多年残疾的主要原因，在过去的几十年里，全球精神疾病负担大幅增加。现在越来越多的证据表明环境条件,特别是空气质量差，可能与心理健康和幸福有关。
方法：本横断面分析使用爱尔兰老龄化纵向研究（TILDA）的心理健康和福祉数据，对爱尔兰50岁以上人口的全国代表性调查。在1998-2014年期间，受访者居住地址的年平均PM2.5浓度用于测量长期暴露于环境PM2.5。
结果：我们发现长期暴露于环境PM2.5与抑郁和焦虑之间存在关联的证据。测量的协会是强大的，并且与性别等变量的效应大小相当。根据国际标准，在相对较低的浓度下，效果也很明显。然而,我们没有发现长期环境颗粒物污染与其他心理健康和幸福感指标（如压力）之间的关联的证据，担心和生活质量。
结论：测量的关联很强，特别是考虑到与许多其他国家相比，爱尔兰普遍存在的PM2.5浓度相对较低。虽然据估计，世界上90%以上的人口生活在PM2.5年平均浓度大于10微克/立方米的地区，但这些结果有助于越来越多的证据表明，即使在空气污染水平很低的情况下，也可以检测到有害影响。
方法：本横断面分析使用爱尔兰老龄化纵向研究（TILDA）的心理健康和福祉数据，对爱尔兰50岁以上人口的全国代表性调查。在1998-2014年期间，受访者居住地址的年平均PM2.5浓度用于测量长期暴露于环境PM2.5。
结果：我们发现长期暴露于环境PM2.5与抑郁和焦虑之间存在关联的证据。测量的协会是强大的，并且与性别等变量的效应大小相当。根据国际标准，在相对较低的浓度下，效果也很明显。然而,我们没有发现长期环境颗粒物污染与其他心理健康和幸福感指标（如压力）之间的关联的证据，担心和生活质量。
结论：测量的关联很强，特别是考虑到与许多其他国家相比，爱尔兰普遍存在的PM2.5浓度相对较低。虽然据估计，世界上90%以上的人口生活在PM2.5年平均浓度大于10微克/立方米的地区，但这些结果有助于越来越多的证据表明，即使在空气污染水平很低的情况下，也可以检测到有害影响。
