Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Our study aims to investigate three parts of the intracranial cavity, their distances to essential anatomical landmarks, and the correlations between these distances with sex, laterality, and surgical significance.
METHODS: The cranial nerve foraminae and essential surgical landmarks of each fossa were investigated bilaterally in 30 adult formalin-fixed cadaveric heads. Measurements, including lengths, depths, diameters, and horizontal distances to each other, to the midline of the skull, and to the outer lateral margin of the skull, were recorded on both sides.
RESULTS: The optic canal (OC) depth, internal auditory meatus (IAM) width, CNVII and CNIX diameters, and accessory hypoglossal canal (HC) distance were significantly greater on the left side (p < 0.05). CNVI length, CNV diameter, CNXI length, and the distances of the HC and accessory HC from the skull were significantly greater on the right side (p < 0.05). In males, correlations were found between the length of the left CNVIII and the right IAM diameter (r = 0.864, p = 0.001), right CNVIII length (r = 0.709, p = 0.022), right accessory HC length (r = 0.847, p = 0.016), and right-sided skull distance (r = 0.829, p = 0.042). In females, correlations were noted between IAM depth and length, right IAM location relative to the skull, left CNIX and CNX lengths, left CNXII length, left accessory HC location relative to the skull, and accessory HC length.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the current study indicate inherent asymmetry, sexual dimorphism, and variability in certain cranial nerves among cadaveric heads, which could have implications for surgical procedures, neuroanatomical studies, and clinical assessments. The study revealed side disparities and correlations within cranial fossa formations and essential surgical landmarks in both genders.
METHODS: The cranial nerve foraminae and essential surgical landmarks of each fossa were investigated bilaterally in 30 adult formalin-fixed cadaveric heads. Measurements, including lengths, depths, diameters, and horizontal distances to each other, to the midline of the skull, and to the outer lateral margin of the skull, were recorded on both sides.
RESULTS: The optic canal (OC) depth, internal auditory meatus (IAM) width, CNVII and CNIX diameters, and accessory hypoglossal canal (HC) distance were significantly greater on the left side (p < 0.05). CNVI length, CNV diameter, CNXI length, and the distances of the HC and accessory HC from the skull were significantly greater on the right side (p < 0.05). In males, correlations were found between the length of the left CNVIII and the right IAM diameter (r = 0.864, p = 0.001), right CNVIII length (r = 0.709, p = 0.022), right accessory HC length (r = 0.847, p = 0.016), and right-sided skull distance (r = 0.829, p = 0.042). In females, correlations were noted between IAM depth and length, right IAM location relative to the skull, left CNIX and CNX lengths, left CNXII length, left accessory HC location relative to the skull, and accessory HC length.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the current study indicate inherent asymmetry, sexual dimorphism, and variability in certain cranial nerves among cadaveric heads, which could have implications for surgical procedures, neuroanatomical studies, and clinical assessments. The study revealed side disparities and correlations within cranial fossa formations and essential surgical landmarks in both genders.
摘要：
目的：我们的研究旨在研究颅内腔的三个部分，它们到基本解剖标志的距离，以及这些距离与性别之间的相关性，偏侧性,和手术意义。
方法：在30个福尔马林固定的成年尸体头中，对每个窝的颅神经孔和基本手术标志进行了双侧研究。测量,包括长度，深度,直径,和彼此的水平距离，头骨的中线，在头骨的外侧边缘，双方都有记录。
结果：视神经管（OC）深度，内耳道（IAM）宽度，CNVII和CNIX直径，左侧和副舌下管（HC）距离明显更大（p<0.05）。CNVI长度,CNV直径,CNXI长度，HC和附件HC与颅骨的距离在右侧明显更大（p<0.05）。在男性中，发现左侧CNVIII的长度和右侧IAM直径之间存在相关性(r=0.864，p=0.001)，右侧CNVIII长度（r=0.709，p=0.022），右附件HC长度（r=0.847，p=0.016），右侧颅骨距离(r=0.829,p=0.042)。在女性中，注意到IAM深度和长度之间的相关性，相对于头骨的正确IAM位置，左侧CNIX和CNX长度，左侧CNXII长度，左附件HC相对于头骨的位置，和附件HC长度。
结论：当前研究的结果表明固有的不对称性，性二态,尸体头部中某些颅神经的变异性，这可能对外科手术有影响，神经解剖学研究,和临床评估。该研究揭示了两种性别的颅窝形成和基本手术标志之间的侧差异和相关性。
方法：在30个福尔马林固定的成年尸体头中，对每个窝的颅神经孔和基本手术标志进行了双侧研究。测量,包括长度，深度,直径,和彼此的水平距离，头骨的中线，在头骨的外侧边缘，双方都有记录。
结果：视神经管（OC）深度，内耳道（IAM）宽度，CNVII和CNIX直径，左侧和副舌下管（HC）距离明显更大（p<0.05）。CNVI长度,CNV直径,CNXI长度，HC和附件HC与颅骨的距离在右侧明显更大（p<0.05）。在男性中，发现左侧CNVIII的长度和右侧IAM直径之间存在相关性(r=0.864，p=0.001)，右侧CNVIII长度（r=0.709，p=0.022），右附件HC长度（r=0.847，p=0.016），右侧颅骨距离(r=0.829,p=0.042)。在女性中，注意到IAM深度和长度之间的相关性，相对于头骨的正确IAM位置，左侧CNIX和CNX长度，左侧CNXII长度，左附件HC相对于头骨的位置，和附件HC长度。
结论：当前研究的结果表明固有的不对称性，性二态,尸体头部中某些颅神经的变异性，这可能对外科手术有影响，神经解剖学研究,和临床评估。该研究揭示了两种性别的颅窝形成和基本手术标志之间的侧差异和相关性。
