Abstract：
Rosin, a natural resin obtained from conifer trees, has a long history of use in traditional folk medicine for treating abscesses, wounds, carbuncles, and burns, etc. It has been employed in ancient Egypt, China, Nordic countries, and Turkey as a therapeutic remedy. This comprehensive review examines the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of rosin, and it provides a critical update on current knowledge of rosin and identifies potential therapeutic opportunities. The chemical composition of rosin is known to vary depending on factors such as botanical sources, geographical locations, and processing methods. Rosin acids, which account for over 90% of its primary chemical constituents, have been identified as the predominant compounds in rosin. Researchers have isolated approximately 50 compounds from rosin, with terpenoid rosin acids being the most prevalent. Furthermore, the review highlights the potential pharmacological activities of rosin and its constituents. Crude extracts and isolated rosin acids have demonstrated promising properties, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, insecticidal, wound healing, and anti-obesity effects. However, the review emphasizes that further research is needed, as existing studies are predominantly preliminary. Many of the reported bioactivities require further verification, and the underlying mechanisms of action remain largely unexplored. In conclusion, rosin has been extensively used in traditional medicine across different cultures, and its chemical composition has been confirmed to a significant extent. The pharmacological activities observed in crude extracts and isolated rosin acids support its traditional uses. Nevertheless, additional research is necessary to deepen our understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms underlying its effects.
摘要：
松香,从针叶树中获得的天然树脂，在传统民间药物治疗脓肿方面有着悠久的历史，伤口,Carbuncles,和烧伤，等。它已在古埃及使用，中国,北欧国家,和土耳其作为治疗的补救措施。这篇全面的综述考察了传统用途，植物化学,和松香的药理学，它提供了关于松香当前知识的关键更新，并确定了潜在的治疗机会。已知松香的化学成分因植物来源等因素而异，地理位置,和处理方法。松香酸,占其主要化学成分的90%以上，已被确定为松香中的主要化合物。研究人员从松香中分离出大约50种化合物，萜类松香酸是最普遍的。此外，该综述强调了松香及其成分的潜在药理活性。粗提物和分离的松香酸已显示出有希望的性质，包括抗菌药物,抗炎,抗肿瘤，杀虫,伤口愈合，和抗肥胖作用。然而,审查强调需要进一步的研究，因为现有的研究主要是初步的。许多报告的生物活性需要进一步核实，基本的行动机制在很大程度上仍未探索。总之,松香已广泛用于不同文化的传统医学，其化学成分已在很大程度上得到证实。在粗提物和分离的松香酸中观察到的药理活性支持其传统用途。然而，有必要进行更多的研究，以加深我们对其潜在作用的药理机制的理解。
