Abstract：
With societal development and an ageing population, psychiatric disorders have become a common cause of severe and long-term disability and socioeconomic burdens worldwide. Semaphorin 3A (Sema-3A) is a secreted glycoprotein belonging to the semaphorin family. Sema-3A is well known as an axon guidance factor in the neuronal system and a potent immunoregulator at all stages of the immune response. It is reported to have various biological functions and is involved in many human diseases, including autoimmune diseases, angiocardiopathy, osteoporosis, and tumorigenesis. The signals of sema-3A involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions, are transduced through its cognate receptors and diverse downstream signalling pathways. An increasing number of studies show that sema-3A plays important roles in synaptic and dendritic development, which are closely associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, depression, and autism, suggesting the involvement of sema-3A in the pathogenesis of mental diseases. This indicates that mutations in sema-3A and alterations in its receptors and signalling may compromise neurodevelopment and predispose patients to these disorders. However, the role of sema-3A in psychiatric disorders, particularly in regulating neurodevelopment, remains elusive. In this review, we summarise the recent progress in understanding sema-3A in the pathogenesis of mental diseases and highlight sema-3A as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of these diseases.
摘要：
随着社会的发展和人口老龄化,精神疾病已成为世界范围内严重和长期残疾和社会经济负担的常见原因。信号素3A(Sema-3A)是属于信号素家族的分泌型糖蛋白。Sema-3A是众所周知的神经元系统中的轴突引导因子和免疫应答的所有阶段的有效免疫调节剂。据报道，它具有多种生物学功能，并参与许多人类疾病，包括自身免疫性疾病,心血管病,骨质疏松,和肿瘤发生。sema-3A的信号参与这些疾病的发病机理，通过其同源受体和不同的下游信号通路进行转导。越来越多的研究表明sema-3A在突触和树突的发育中起着重要的作用,这与精神疾病的病理生理机制密切相关，包括精神分裂症,抑郁症,自闭症，提示sema-3A参与了精神疾病的发病机制。这表明sema-3A的突变及其受体和信号传导的改变可能会损害神经发育并使患者易患这些疾病。然而,sema-3A在精神疾病中的作用，特别是在调节神经发育方面，仍然难以捉摸。在这次审查中,我们总结了sema-3A在精神疾病发病机制中的最新进展，并强调sema-3A是预防和治疗这些疾病的潜在靶标。
