Abstract：
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF, corticoliberin) is a neuromodulatory peptide activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, widely distributed in the central nervous system (CNS) in mammals. In addition to its neuroendocrine effects, CRF is essential in regulating many functions under physiological and pathophysiological conditions through CRF1 and CRF2 receptors (CRF1R, CRF2R). This review aims to present selected examples of the diverse and sometimes opposite effects of CRF and its receptor ligands in various pathophysiological states, including stress/anxiety, depression, and processes associated with brain injury. It seems interesting to draw particular attention to the fact that CRF and its receptor ligands exert different effects depending on the brain structures or subregions, likely stemming from the varied distribution of CRFRs in these regions and interactions with other neurotransmitters. CRFR-mediated region-specific effects might also be related to brain site-specific ligand binding and the associated activated signaling pathways. Intriguingly, different types of CRF molecules can also influence the diverse actions of CRF in the CNS.
摘要：
促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF，皮质磷脂）是一种激活下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的神经调节肽，广泛分布于哺乳动物的中枢神经系统(CNS)。除了它的神经内分泌作用，CRF在生理和病理生理条件下通过CRF1和CRF2受体（CRF1R，CRF2R)。这篇综述旨在介绍CRF及其受体配体在各种病理生理状态下的多种且有时相反的作用的选定示例，包括压力/焦虑，抑郁症,以及与脑损伤相关的过程。特别注意CRF及其受体配体根据大脑结构或亚区域的不同而发挥不同的作用，这似乎很有趣。可能源于CRFR在这些区域的不同分布以及与其他神经递质的相互作用。CRFR介导的区域特异性效应也可能与脑位点特异性配体结合和相关的活化信号通路有关。有趣的是，不同类型的CRF分子也可以影响CRF在CNS中的不同作用。
