PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Multivalency in lectins plays a pivotal role in influencing glycan cross-linking, thereby affecting lectin functionality. This multivalency can be achieved through oligomerization, the presence of tandemly repeated carbohydrate recognition domains, or a combination of both. Unlike lectins that rely on multiple factors for the oligomerization of identical monomers, tandem-repeat lectins inherently possess multivalency, independent of this complex process. The repeat domains, although not identical, display slightly distinct specificities within a predetermined geometry, enhancing specificity, affinity, avidity and even oligomerization. Despite the recognition of this structural characteristic in recently discovered lectins by numerous studies, a unified criterion to define tandem-repeat lectins is still necessary. We suggest defining them multivalent lectins with intrachain tandem repeats corresponding to carbohydrate recognition domains, independent of oligomerization. This systematic review examines the folding and phyletic diversity of tandem-repeat lectins and refers to relevant literature. Our study categorizes all lectins with tandemly repeated carbohydrate recognition domains into nine distinct folding classes associated with specific biological functions. Our findings provide a comprehensive description and analysis of tandem-repeat lectins in terms of their functions and structural features. Our exploration of phyletic and functional diversity has revealed previously undocumented tandem-repeat lectins. We propose research directions aimed at enhancing our understanding of the origins of tandem-repeat lectin and fostering the development of medical and biotechnological applications, notably in the design of artificial sugars and neolectins.
摘要：
凝集素的多价在影响聚糖交联中起着关键作用，从而影响凝集素功能。这种多价可以通过低聚实现，串联重复的碳水化合物识别域的存在，或两者的组合。与依赖于多种因素的相同单体的低聚作用的凝集素不同,串联重复凝集素固有地具有多价性，独立于这个复杂的过程。重复结构域，虽然不相同，在预定的几何形状中显示略微不同的特性，增强特异性，亲和力,亲合力甚至寡聚化。尽管许多研究在最近发现的凝集素中认识到了这种结构特征，仍然需要一个统一的标准来定义串联重复凝集素。我们建议将它们定义为具有对应于碳水化合物识别域的链内串联重复序列的多价凝集素，独立于低聚。本系统综述研究了串联重复凝集素的折叠和种系多样性，并参考了相关文献。我们的研究将具有串联重复的碳水化合物识别域的所有凝集素分类为与特定生物学功能相关的9种不同的折叠类别。我们的发现从功能和结构特征方面对串联重复凝集素进行了全面的描述和分析。我们对系统发育和功能多样性的探索揭示了以前没有记载的串联重复凝集素。我们提出了研究方向，旨在增强我们对串联重复凝集素起源的理解，并促进医学和生物技术应用的发展。特别是在人造糖和新分子的设计中。
