PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to an increase in teleconsultation adoption in the Polish primary health care system. It is expected that in the long run, teleconsultations will successfully replace a significant part of face-to-face visits. Therefore, a significant challenge facing primary health care facilities (PHCs) is the acceptance of teleconsultations by their users, especially physicians.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore physicians\' acceptance of teleconsultations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland.
METHODS: A representative survey was conducted among 361 physicians of PHCs across Poland in 2021. For the purposes of the study, we developed a modified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) model. Based on the modified TAM, we analyzed the impact of perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), and intention to use teleconsultation (INT) on physicians\' satisfaction (SAT) and quality of work (Q). The psychometric properties of the research instrument were examined using exploratory factor analysis. Finally, structural equation modeling was used for data analysis.
RESULTS: The results indicated a generally high level of PU (mean 3.85-4.36, SD 0.87-1.18), PEU (mean 3.81-4.60, SD 0.60-1.42), INT (mean 3.87-4.22, SD 0.89-1.12), and SAT (mean 3.55-4.13, SD 0.88-1.16); the lowest rated dimension in TAM was Q (mean 3.28-3.73, SD 1.06-1.26). The most important independent variable was PU. The influence of PU on INT (estimate=0.63, critical ratio [CR]=15.84, P<.001) and of PU on SAT (estimate=0.44, CR= 9.53, P<.001) was strong. INT was also a key factor influencing SAT (estimate=0.4, CR=8.57, P<.001). A weaker relationship was noted in the effect of PEU on INT (estimate=0.17, CR=4.31, P<.001). In turn, Q was positively influenced by INT (estimate=0.179, CR=3.64, P<.001), PU (estimate=0.246, CR=4.79, P<.001), PEU (estimate=0.18, CR=4.93, P<.001), and SAT (estimate=0.357, CR=6.97, P<.001). All paths between the constructs (PU, PEU, INT, SAT, and Q) were statistically significant, which highlights the multifaceted nature of the adoption of teleconsultations among physicians.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide strong empirical support for the hypothesized relationships in TAM. The findings suggest that the PU and PEU of teleconsultation have a significant impact on the intention of physicians to adopt teleconsultation. This results in an improvement in the satisfaction of Polish physicians with the use of teleconsultation and an increase in Q. The study contributes to both theory and practice by identifying important prognostic factors affecting physicians\' acceptance of teleconsultation systems.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore physicians\' acceptance of teleconsultations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland.
METHODS: A representative survey was conducted among 361 physicians of PHCs across Poland in 2021. For the purposes of the study, we developed a modified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) model. Based on the modified TAM, we analyzed the impact of perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), and intention to use teleconsultation (INT) on physicians\' satisfaction (SAT) and quality of work (Q). The psychometric properties of the research instrument were examined using exploratory factor analysis. Finally, structural equation modeling was used for data analysis.
RESULTS: The results indicated a generally high level of PU (mean 3.85-4.36, SD 0.87-1.18), PEU (mean 3.81-4.60, SD 0.60-1.42), INT (mean 3.87-4.22, SD 0.89-1.12), and SAT (mean 3.55-4.13, SD 0.88-1.16); the lowest rated dimension in TAM was Q (mean 3.28-3.73, SD 1.06-1.26). The most important independent variable was PU. The influence of PU on INT (estimate=0.63, critical ratio [CR]=15.84, P<.001) and of PU on SAT (estimate=0.44, CR= 9.53, P<.001) was strong. INT was also a key factor influencing SAT (estimate=0.4, CR=8.57, P<.001). A weaker relationship was noted in the effect of PEU on INT (estimate=0.17, CR=4.31, P<.001). In turn, Q was positively influenced by INT (estimate=0.179, CR=3.64, P<.001), PU (estimate=0.246, CR=4.79, P<.001), PEU (estimate=0.18, CR=4.93, P<.001), and SAT (estimate=0.357, CR=6.97, P<.001). All paths between the constructs (PU, PEU, INT, SAT, and Q) were statistically significant, which highlights the multifaceted nature of the adoption of teleconsultations among physicians.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide strong empirical support for the hypothesized relationships in TAM. The findings suggest that the PU and PEU of teleconsultation have a significant impact on the intention of physicians to adopt teleconsultation. This results in an improvement in the satisfaction of Polish physicians with the use of teleconsultation and an increase in Q. The study contributes to both theory and practice by identifying important prognostic factors affecting physicians\' acceptance of teleconsultation systems.
摘要：
背景：COVID-19大流行导致波兰初级卫生保健系统采用远程会诊的增加。预计从长远来看，远程咨询将成功取代面对面访问的很大一部分。因此,初级卫生保健设施(PHCs)面临的一个重大挑战是其用户接受远程咨询，尤其是医生。
目的：本研究旨在探讨波兰COVID-19大流行期间医师对远程会诊的接受程度。
方法：2021年对波兰的361名PHCs医生进行了代表性调查。为了研究的目的，我们开发了一个改进的技术接受模型(TAM)模型。根据修改后的TAM，我们分析了感知有用性(PU)的影响，感知易用性(PEU)，并打算使用远程会诊(INT)对医生满意度(SAT)和工作质量(Q)。使用探索性因子分析检查了研究工具的心理测量特性。最后,采用结构方程模型进行数据分析。
结果：结果表明PU水平普遍较高（平均3.85-4.36，SD0.87-1.18），PEU(平均值3.81-4.60，标准差0.60-1.42)，INT（平均值3.87-4.22，SD0.89-1.12），和SAT（平均3.55-4.13，SD0.88-1.16）；TAM中最低的额定尺寸为Q（平均3.28-3.73，SD1.06-1.26）。最重要的自变量是PU。PU对INT（估计值=0.63，临界比[CR]=15.84，P<.001）和PU对SAT（估计值=0.44，CR=9.53，P<.001）的影响很大。INT也是影响SAT的关键因素（估计值=0.4，CR=8.57，P<.001）。注意到PEU对INT的影响的关系较弱（估计值=0.17，CR=4.31，P<.001）。反过来,Q受INT的正向影响(估计值=0.179,CR=3.64,P<.001),PU(估计值=0.246，CR=4.79，P<.001)，PEU（估计值=0.18，CR=4.93，P<.001），和SAT（估计=0.357，CR=6.97，P<.001）。构造之间的所有路径(PU,PEU,INT,SAT,和Q）具有统计学意义，这突出了医生之间采用远程咨询的多面性。
结论：我们的发现为TAM中的假设关系提供了强有力的经验支持。研究结果表明，远程会诊的PU和PEU对医生采用远程会诊的意图有重大影响。这导致波兰医生对使用远程会诊的满意度提高和Q的增加。该研究通过确定影响医生接受远程会诊系统的重要预后因素，为理论和实践做出了贡献。
目的：本研究旨在探讨波兰COVID-19大流行期间医师对远程会诊的接受程度。
方法：2021年对波兰的361名PHCs医生进行了代表性调查。为了研究的目的，我们开发了一个改进的技术接受模型(TAM)模型。根据修改后的TAM，我们分析了感知有用性(PU)的影响，感知易用性(PEU)，并打算使用远程会诊(INT)对医生满意度(SAT)和工作质量(Q)。使用探索性因子分析检查了研究工具的心理测量特性。最后,采用结构方程模型进行数据分析。
结果：结果表明PU水平普遍较高（平均3.85-4.36，SD0.87-1.18），PEU(平均值3.81-4.60，标准差0.60-1.42)，INT（平均值3.87-4.22，SD0.89-1.12），和SAT（平均3.55-4.13，SD0.88-1.16）；TAM中最低的额定尺寸为Q（平均3.28-3.73，SD1.06-1.26）。最重要的自变量是PU。PU对INT（估计值=0.63，临界比[CR]=15.84，P<.001）和PU对SAT（估计值=0.44，CR=9.53，P<.001）的影响很大。INT也是影响SAT的关键因素（估计值=0.4，CR=8.57，P<.001）。注意到PEU对INT的影响的关系较弱（估计值=0.17，CR=4.31，P<.001）。反过来,Q受INT的正向影响(估计值=0.179,CR=3.64,P<.001),PU(估计值=0.246，CR=4.79，P<.001)，PEU（估计值=0.18，CR=4.93，P<.001），和SAT（估计=0.357，CR=6.97，P<.001）。构造之间的所有路径(PU,PEU,INT,SAT,和Q）具有统计学意义，这突出了医生之间采用远程咨询的多面性。
结论：我们的发现为TAM中的假设关系提供了强有力的经验支持。研究结果表明，远程会诊的PU和PEU对医生采用远程会诊的意图有重大影响。这导致波兰医生对使用远程会诊的满意度提高和Q的增加。该研究通过确定影响医生接受远程会诊系统的重要预后因素，为理论和实践做出了贡献。
