Abstract：
Amid the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Cambodia emerges as a notable exemplar, boasting a remarkable vaccination rate of 91% of its population by the end of 2021. This success can be attributed to a multifaceted approach encompassing strong governmental leadership, robust vaccine management, and effective risk communication. Despite notable success, challenges persisted in reaching unvaccinated segments of the population. Rapid Coverage and Community assessments (RCCAs) supported by UNICEF were deployed in 2022 and 2023 to support Government efforts in expanding vaccination reach to missed populations and bolster COVID-19 booster doses. RCCAs were conducted across 8 provinces, assessing 13,547 individuals from 87 low-coverage communes to identify not vaccinated people and understand their barriers. Overall, only seven percent missed any dose of C-19 vaccine, Disabilities and lack of education correlated with higher rates of zero doses (20.8% and 17.8%, respectively), with concerns about personal health conditions (25%) and adverse effects (10%) cited as top reasons for non-vaccination. RCCAs, differing from routine monitoring, utilized purposive sampling to identify barriers to vaccine access and uptake. Findings informed adaptive strategies by government and partners to enhance outreach in low-coverage areas. The RCCAs played a crucial role at the local level in ensuring vaccinations reached overlooked populations, providing innovative solutions and supporting UNICEF\'s national strategies. By the end of 2022, Cambodia achieved a high subnational coverage, contributing to a national coverage of 95% for primary doses and nearly 70% for the first booster for everyone above three years old. RCCAs also fostered local coordination, facilitating resource sharing, and coordinated action for more effective local outreach and community trust. Integration of RCCAs into national immunization programs is recommended to develop targeted outreach for underserved populations, including zero-dose children and communities. Cambodia\'s adaptation of RCCAs during the pandemic offers valuable insights into identifying and engaging missed populations, highlighting the importance of community involvement and targeted interventions for future pandemic preparedness, and achieving more equitable health outcomes in the longer-term.
摘要：
在全球对COVID-19大流行的反应中，柬埔寨成为一个著名的典范，到2021年底，其人口的疫苗接种率达到了91%。这一成功可以归功于包括强有力的政府领导在内的多方面方法，稳健的疫苗管理，有效的风险沟通。尽管取得了显著的成功,在接触未接种疫苗的人群方面仍然存在挑战。联合国儿童基金会支持的快速覆盖和社区评估（RCCAs）于2022年和2023年部署，以支持政府努力将疫苗接种范围扩大到错过的人群，并支持COVID-19加强剂量。RCCA在8个省进行，评估来自87个低覆盖率社区的13,547个人，以识别未接种疫苗的人并了解他们的障碍。总的来说,只有7%的人错过了任何剂量的C-19疫苗，残疾和缺乏教育与更高的零剂量率相关(20.8%和17.8%，分别)，担心个人健康状况（25％）和不良反应（10％）被列为未接种疫苗的主要原因。RCCA,与常规监测不同，利用有目的的抽样来确定疫苗获得和吸收的障碍。调查结果为政府和合作伙伴制定了适应性战略，以加强低覆盖率地区的外联。RCCA在确保被忽视的人群接种疫苗方面在地方一级发挥了关键作用，提供创新的解决方案并支持联合国儿童基金会的国家战略。到2022年底，柬埔寨实现了国家以下各级的高覆盖率，对于三岁以上的每个人，初级剂量的全国覆盖率为95％，第一次助推器的覆盖率为近70％。RCCA还促进了地方协调，促进资源共享，和协调行动，以实现更有效的地方外联和社区信任。建议将RCCA纳入国家免疫计划，以针对服务不足的人群开展有针对性的外联活动，包括零剂量儿童和社区。柬埔寨在大流行期间对RCCA的适应为识别和参与错过的人群提供了宝贵的见解，强调社区参与和有针对性的干预措施对未来大流行防备的重要性，从长远来看，实现更公平的健康结果。
