RESULTS: Using shotgun metagenomics we characterized the gut resistome composition of 129 HIV-1 infected subjects showing different HIV clinical profiles and 27 HIV-1 negative controls from a cross-sectional observational study conducted in Barcelona, Spain. Most no-MSM showed a Bacteroides-enriched enterotype and low microbial gene richness microbiomes. We did not identify differences in resistome diversity and composition according to HIV-1 infection or immune status. However, gut resistome was more diverse in MSM group, Prevotella-enriched enterotype and gut micorbiomes with high microbial gene richness compared to no-MSM group, Bacteroides-enriched enterotype and gut microbiomes with low microbial gene richness. Additionally, gut resistome beta-diversity was different according to the defined groups and we identified a set of differentially abundant antimicrobial resistance determinants based on the established categories.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal a significant correlation between gut resistome composition and various host variables commonly associated with gut microbiome, including microbiome enterotype, microbial gene richness, and sexual preference. These host variables have been previously linked to immune activation and lower Nadir CD4 + T-Cell counts, which are prognostic factors of HIV-related comorbidities. This study provides new insights into the relationship between antibiotic resistance and clinical characteristics of PLWH.
结果:使用鸟枪宏基因组学,我们在巴塞罗那进行的一项横断面观察研究中,对129名HIV-1感染受试者的肠道耐药性组成进行了表征,这些受试者显示出不同的HIV临床特征和27名HIV-1阴性对照。西班牙。大多数无MSM显示出富含拟杆菌的肠型和低微生物基因丰富度的微生物组。根据HIV-1感染或免疫状态,我们没有确定抗性组多样性和组成的差异。然而,MSM组的肠道耐药组更加多样化,与无MSM组相比,富含Prevotella的肠型和肠道微生物群具有较高的微生物基因丰富度,富含拟杆菌的肠型和具有低微生物基因丰富度的肠道微生物。此外,根据定义的组,肠道耐药组β-多样性是不同的,我们根据已建立的类别确定了一组差异丰富的抗微生物耐药性决定因素。
结论:我们的发现揭示了肠道耐药性组成与通常与肠道微生物组相关的各种宿主变量之间的显著相关性,包括肠道菌群,微生物基因丰富度,和性偏好。这些宿主变量以前与免疫激活和较低的NadirCD4T细胞计数有关,这是HIV相关合并症的预后因素。本研究为PLWH的临床特征与抗生素耐药性之间的关系提供了新的见解。