PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Glutathione (GSH)‑degrading enzymes are essential for starting the first stages of GSH degradation. These enzymes include extracellular γ‑glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and intracellular GSH‑specific γ‑glutamylcyclotransferase 1 (ChaC1) and 2. These enzymes are essential for cellular activities, such as immune response, differentiation, proliferation, homeostasis regulation and programmed cell death. Tumor tissue frequently exhibits abnormal expression of GSH‑degrading enzymes, which has a key impact on the development and spread of malignancies. The present review summarizes gene and protein structure, catalytic activity and regulation of GSH‑degrading enzymes, their vital roles in tumor development (including regulation of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, control of programmed cell death, promotion of inflammation and tumorigenesis and modulation of drug resistance in tumor cells) and potential role as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
摘要：
谷胱甘肽（GSH）降解酶对于开始GSH降解的第一阶段至关重要。这些酶包括细胞外γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）和细胞内GSH特异性γ-谷氨酰环基转移酶1（ChaC1）和2。这些酶对细胞活动至关重要，比如免疫反应，分化,扩散,稳态调节和程序性细胞死亡。肿瘤组织经常表现出GSH降解酶的异常表达，这对恶性肿瘤的发展和传播有关键影响。本综述概述了基因和蛋白质结构，GSH降解酶的催化活性和调节，它们在肿瘤发展中的重要作用(包括氧化和内质网应激的调节，控制程序性细胞死亡，促进炎症和肿瘤发生以及肿瘤细胞中耐药性的调节）以及作为诊断生物标志物和治疗靶标的潜在作用。
