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Abstract：
Background Population aging is a global phenomenon associated with declines in muscle mass, physical activity levels, and respiratory health among elderly individuals. Despite evidence suggesting the benefits of physical activity on respiratory function, there is limited research examining its effects on lung function in the Indian elderly population. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of different intensities of physical activity on respiratory health parameters among apparently healthy elderly males aged 60-80 years. Participants were categorized into walking, swimming, and sedentary groups based on their level of physical activity. Anthropometric measurements, cardiovascular parameters, respiratory endurance tests, and spirometry were conducted to assess lung function. Statistical analysis included nonparametric tests to compare the groups. Results Age, height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference were similar across groups, but the waist-to-hip ratio was higher in the sedentary group. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not differ significantly, while the pulse rate was lower in the swimming group. The sedentary group exhibited lower respiratory endurance, with a significantly reduced 40 mmHg endurance test and maximum expiratory pressure compared to the walking and swimming groups. Spirometry results showed significant improvements in various parameters, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory flow 25% (FEF-25), and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) in the walking and swimming groups compared to the sedentary group. Conclusion Regular physical activity, particularly walking and swimming, appears to positively influence respiratory health parameters among elderly males. Engaging in these activities may enhance respiratory muscle strength and lung function, potentially mitigating age-related declines in pulmonary function and promoting overall well-being.
摘要：
背景人口老龄化是一种与肌肉质量下降相关的全球现象，身体活动水平,老年人的呼吸健康。尽管有证据表明体力活动对呼吸功能有益，在印度老年人群中，研究其对肺功能的影响的研究有限。材料和方法本横断面研究旨在调查不同强度的体力活动对60-80岁明显健康的老年男性呼吸健康参数的影响。参与者被分类为步行，游泳,和久坐的群体基于他们的身体活动水平。人体测量,心血管参数,呼吸耐力测试,进行肺活量测定以评估肺功能。统计分析包括非参数检验以比较各组。结果年龄,高度,体重,BMI,腰围,各组的臀围相似，但久坐组的腰臀比较高.收缩压和舒张压没有显著差异，而游泳组的脉搏率较低。久坐组表现出较低的呼吸耐力，与步行和游泳组相比，40mmHg耐力测试和最大呼气压力显着降低。肺活量测定结果显示各种参数显著改善，包括强迫肺活量(FVC)，第一秒用力呼气量(FEV1),峰值呼气流速(PEFR),用力呼气流量25%(FEF-25),与久坐组相比，步行和游泳组的最大自主通气量（MVV）。结论有规律的体力活动,尤其是散步和游泳，似乎对老年男性的呼吸健康参数有积极影响。参与这些活动可以增强呼吸肌力量和肺功能，可能减轻与年龄相关的肺功能下降并促进总体健康。
