PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cell division presents a challenge for eukaryotic cells: how can chromosomes effectively segregate within the confines of a membranous nuclear compartment? Different organisms have evolved diverse solutions by modulating the degree of nuclear compartmentalization, ranging from complete nuclear envelope breakdown to complete maintenance of nuclear compartmentalization via nuclear envelope expansion. Many intermediate forms exist between these extremes, suggesting that nuclear dynamics during cell division are surprisingly plastic. In this review, we highlight the evolutionary diversity of nuclear divisions, focusing on two defining characteristics: (1) chromosome compartmentalization and (2) nucleocytoplasmic transport. Further, we highlight recent evidence that nuclear behavior during division can vary within different cellular contexts in the same organism. The variation observed within and between organisms underscores the dynamic evolution of nuclear divisions tailored to specific contexts and cellular requirements. In-depth investigation of diverse nuclear divisions will enhance our understanding of the nucleus, both in physiological and pathological states.
摘要：
细胞分裂对真核细胞提出了挑战：染色体如何在膜核隔室的范围内有效地分离？不同的生物体通过调节核隔室的程度而进化出了不同的解决方案，从完整的核包络线破裂到通过核包络线扩展完全维持核分隔。在这些极端之间存在许多中间形式，表明细胞分裂过程中的核动力学是惊人的可塑性。在这次审查中,我们强调了核分裂的进化多样性，集中在两个定义特征：（1）染色体区隔和（2）核质运输。Further,我们强调了最近的证据，即分裂过程中的核行为可以在同一生物体的不同细胞环境中变化。在生物体内和生物体之间观察到的差异强调了根据特定环境和细胞要求量身定制的核分裂的动态进化。对不同核分裂的深入调查将增进我们对核子的认识,生理和病理状态。
