Abstract：
For the last two decades, the aromatic aldehyde 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural (5-HMF) has been the subject of several investigations for its pharmacologic potential. In 2004, the Safo group reported that 5-HMF has potent antisickling activity by targeting and ameliorating the primary pathophysiology of hypoxia-induced sickling of erythrocytes (red blood cells [RBC]). Following the encouraging outcome of the preclinical and phase I/II clinical studies of 5-HMF for the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD), there have been multiple studies suggesting 5-HMF has several other biological or pharmacologic activities, including anti-allergic, antioxidant, anti-hypoxic, anti-ischemic, cognitive improvement, anti-tyrosinase, anti-proliferation, cytoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. The wide range of its effects makes 5-HMF a potential candidate for treating a variety of diseases including cognitive disorders, gout, allergic disorders, anemia, hypoxia, cancers, ischemia, hemorrhagic shock, liver fibrosis, and oxidative injury. Several of these therapeutic claims are currently under investigation and, while promising, vary in terms of the strength of their evidence. This review presents the research regarding the therapeutic potential of 5-HMF in addition to its sources, physicochemical properties, safety, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profiles.
摘要：
在过去的二十年里，芳香醛5-羟甲基糠醛（5-HMF）的药理潜力已成为多项研究的主题。2004年，Safo小组报告说，5-HMF通过靶向和改善缺氧诱导的红细胞（红细胞[RBC]）的主要病理生理学而具有有效的抗镰状化活性。在5-HMF治疗镰状细胞病（SCD）的临床前和I/II期临床研究取得令人鼓舞的结果之后，有多项研究表明5-HMF具有其他几种生物或药理活性，包括抗过敏药,抗氧化剂，抗缺氧，抗缺血，认知改善，抗酪氨酸酶,防扩散,细胞保护,和抗炎活性。其广泛的作用使5-HMF成为治疗包括认知障碍在内的各种疾病的潜在候选者。痛风,过敏性疾病，贫血,缺氧,癌症,缺血,出血性休克,肝纤维化,和氧化损伤。其中一些治疗性索赔目前正在调查中，虽然有希望，他们的证据强度各不相同。这篇综述介绍了除了来源外，5-HMF的治疗潜力的研究，物理化学性质，安全,吸收，分布，新陈代谢，和排泄（ADME）概况。
