Abstract：
Methanogenic archaea, characterized by their cell membrane lipid molecules consisting of isoprenoid chains linked to glycerol-1-phosphate via ether bonds, exhibit exceptional adaptability to extreme environments. However, this distinct lipid architecture also complicates the interactions between methanogenic archaea and nanoparticles. This study addresses this challenge by exploring the interaction and transformation of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) within archaeal Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A. We demonstrated that the effects of SeNPs are highly concentration-dependent, with chemical stimulation of cellular processes at lower SeNPs concentrations as well as oxidative stress and metabolic disruption at higher concentrations. Notably, we observed the formation of a protein corona on SeNPs, characterized by the selective adsorption of enzymes critical for methylotrophic methanogenesis and those involved in selenium methylation, suggesting potential alterations in protein function and metabolic pathways. Furthermore, the intracellular transformation of SeNPs into both inorganic and organic selenium species highlighted their bioavailability and dynamic transformation within archaea. These findings provide vital insights into the nano-bio interface in archaeal systems, contributing to our understanding of archaeal catalysis and its broader applications.
摘要：
产甲烷古细菌，其特征在于它们的细胞膜脂质分子由通过醚键与甘油-1-磷酸酯连接的类异戊二烯链组成，对极端环境表现出非凡的适应性。然而,这种独特的脂质结构也使产甲烷古细菌和纳米颗粒之间的相互作用复杂化。本研究通过探索古生甲烷甲烷C2A中硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）的相互作用和转化来解决这一挑战。我们证明了SeNPs的作用是高度浓度依赖性的，在较低的SeNPs浓度下对细胞过程进行化学刺激，在较高浓度下对氧化应激和代谢破坏。值得注意的是,我们观察到在SeNPs上形成蛋白质冠，其特征是对甲基营养甲烷生成至关重要的酶和与硒甲基化有关的酶的选择性吸附，提示蛋白质功能和代谢途径的潜在改变。此外，SeNPs在细胞内转化为无机和有机硒物种，突显了它们在古细菌中的生物利用度和动态转化。这些发现为古细菌系统中的纳米生物界面提供了重要的见解，有助于我们了解古细菌催化及其更广泛的应用。
