Abstract：
BACKGROUND: In this study, UPBEAT1 (UPB1), which regulates superoxide radical hydrogen peroxide ratio together with Peroxidase (POD) activity and PAL gene expression, has been studied under apical meristem development during the xylem structural elements\' formation in unique woody plants B. pendula var. pendula with straight-grained wood and B. pendula var. carelica with figured wood. The differentiation process has been found to predominate in straight-- grained wood (B. pendula var. pendula) or proliferate in the figured wood. The investigation has been conducted on the radial row (cambial zone-differentiating xylem-mature xylem) during the active cambial growth period.
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to study the xylogenesis processes occurring in the 16-year-old straight-grained silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and Karelian birch (Betula pendula Roth var. carelica (Mercl.) Hämet-Ahti)with figured wood.
METHODS: Hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical contents and peroxidase activity were determined spectrophotometrically. Gene expression for PAL family genes and the UPBEAT1 gene was assessed using qRT-PCR.
RESULTS: Principal component analysis has confirmed trees with straight-grained and figured wood to be different according to UPBEAT1-ROS-POD-PAL system functioning.
CONCLUSIONS: The higher superoxide radical/hydrogen peroxide ratio in figured Karelian birch, along with UPBEAT1 transcription factor and PAL genes upregulation, distinguished it from straight-grained silver birch. This metabolic picture confirmed the shift of Karelian birch xylogenesis towards proliferation processes, accompanied by ROS and phenolic compounds\' flow and POD activity.
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to study the xylogenesis processes occurring in the 16-year-old straight-grained silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and Karelian birch (Betula pendula Roth var. carelica (Mercl.) Hämet-Ahti)with figured wood.
METHODS: Hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical contents and peroxidase activity were determined spectrophotometrically. Gene expression for PAL family genes and the UPBEAT1 gene was assessed using qRT-PCR.
RESULTS: Principal component analysis has confirmed trees with straight-grained and figured wood to be different according to UPBEAT1-ROS-POD-PAL system functioning.
CONCLUSIONS: The higher superoxide radical/hydrogen peroxide ratio in figured Karelian birch, along with UPBEAT1 transcription factor and PAL genes upregulation, distinguished it from straight-grained silver birch. This metabolic picture confirmed the shift of Karelian birch xylogenesis towards proliferation processes, accompanied by ROS and phenolic compounds\' flow and POD activity.
摘要：
背景：在这项研究中，UPBEAT1(UPB1),与过氧化物酶（POD）活性和PAL基因表达一起调节超氧自由基过氧化氢的比例，在独特的木本植物B.pendulavar的木质部结构要素形成过程中，在顶端分生组织发育下进行了研究。用直纹木材和B.pendulavar。Carelica用有花纹的木头.已发现分化过程在直纹木材中占主导地位(B.Pendulavar.摆拉）或在花木中增殖。在活跃的形成层生长期中，对径向行（形成层区分化的木质部-成熟的木质部）进行了调查。
目的：该研究旨在研究16岁的直纹白桦树（BetulapendulaRoth）和卡累利阿桦树（BetulapendulaRothvar。carelica(Mercl.)Hämet-Ahti)withfiguredwood.
方法：采用分光光度法测定过氧化氢和超氧自由基含量及过氧化物酶活性。使用qRT-PCR评估PAL家族基因和UPBEAT1基因的基因表达。
结果：主成分分析已经证实，根据UPBEAT1-ROS-POD-PAL系统的功能，具有直纹和花纹木材的树木是不同的。
结论：卡累利阿桦木中的超氧化物自由基/过氧化氢比例较高，随着UPBEAT1转录因子和PAL基因的上调，区别于直纹白桦树。此代谢图证实了卡累利阿桦木发生向增殖过程的转变，伴有ROS和酚类化合物流动和POD活性。
目的：该研究旨在研究16岁的直纹白桦树（BetulapendulaRoth）和卡累利阿桦树（BetulapendulaRothvar。carelica(Mercl.)Hämet-Ahti)withfiguredwood.
方法：采用分光光度法测定过氧化氢和超氧自由基含量及过氧化物酶活性。使用qRT-PCR评估PAL家族基因和UPBEAT1基因的基因表达。
结果：主成分分析已经证实，根据UPBEAT1-ROS-POD-PAL系统的功能，具有直纹和花纹木材的树木是不同的。
结论：卡累利阿桦木中的超氧化物自由基/过氧化氢比例较高，随着UPBEAT1转录因子和PAL基因的上调，区别于直纹白桦树。此代谢图证实了卡累利阿桦木发生向增殖过程的转变，伴有ROS和酚类化合物流动和POD活性。
