PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the available scientific evidence from in vitro studies regarding the effect induced by the flavonoids contained in grape seed extracts (GSE) and cranberry on the microbiological activity of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans).
METHODS: This systematic review was performed following the parameters of the PRISMA statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). Electronic and manual searches were conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane databases. Reference lists of selected articles were reviewed to identify relevant studies. The search was not limited by year and was conducted solely in English. Eligible studies comprised publications describing in vitro studies that evaluated the effect of flavonoids derived from GSE and cranberry extracts on the microbiological activity of S. mutans. Common variables were identified to consolidate the data. Authors of this review independently screened search results, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias.
RESULTS: Of the 420 studies identified from the different databases, 22 publications were finally selected for review. The risk of bias was low in 13 articles and moderate in 9. The studies analyzed in this review revealed that cranberry extract has an inhibitory effect on the bacterial growth of S. mutans in ranges from 0.5 mg/mL to 25 mg/mL, and GSE exerts a similar effect from 0.5 mg/mL to 250 mg/mL. Additionally, the extracts or their fractions showed reduced biofilm formation capacity, decreased polymicrobial biofilm biomass, deregulation of glycosyltransferases (Gtf) B and C expression, and buffering of pH drop. In addition to adequate antioxidant activity related to polyphenol content.
CONCLUSIONS: The overall results showed that the extracts of cranberry and grape seed were effective in reducing the virulence factors of the oral pathogen. According to the data, proanthocyanidins are the active components in cranberry and grape seed that effectively resist S. mutans. They can inhibit the formation of insoluble polysaccharides in the extracellular matrix and prevent glycan-mediated adhesion, cohesion, and aggregation of the proteins in S. mutans. This suggests that these natural extracts could play an important role in the prevention of cariogenic bacterial colonization, as well as induce a decrease in their microbiological activity.
METHODS: This systematic review was performed following the parameters of the PRISMA statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). Electronic and manual searches were conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane databases. Reference lists of selected articles were reviewed to identify relevant studies. The search was not limited by year and was conducted solely in English. Eligible studies comprised publications describing in vitro studies that evaluated the effect of flavonoids derived from GSE and cranberry extracts on the microbiological activity of S. mutans. Common variables were identified to consolidate the data. Authors of this review independently screened search results, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias.
RESULTS: Of the 420 studies identified from the different databases, 22 publications were finally selected for review. The risk of bias was low in 13 articles and moderate in 9. The studies analyzed in this review revealed that cranberry extract has an inhibitory effect on the bacterial growth of S. mutans in ranges from 0.5 mg/mL to 25 mg/mL, and GSE exerts a similar effect from 0.5 mg/mL to 250 mg/mL. Additionally, the extracts or their fractions showed reduced biofilm formation capacity, decreased polymicrobial biofilm biomass, deregulation of glycosyltransferases (Gtf) B and C expression, and buffering of pH drop. In addition to adequate antioxidant activity related to polyphenol content.
CONCLUSIONS: The overall results showed that the extracts of cranberry and grape seed were effective in reducing the virulence factors of the oral pathogen. According to the data, proanthocyanidins are the active components in cranberry and grape seed that effectively resist S. mutans. They can inhibit the formation of insoluble polysaccharides in the extracellular matrix and prevent glycan-mediated adhesion, cohesion, and aggregation of the proteins in S. mutans. This suggests that these natural extracts could play an important role in the prevention of cariogenic bacterial colonization, as well as induce a decrease in their microbiological activity.
摘要：
目的：提供有关葡萄籽提取物（GSE）和蔓越莓中所含黄酮类化合物对变形链球菌微生物活性的影响的体外研究的现有科学证据的概述（S.mutans）。
方法：本系统评价是按照PRISMA声明（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）的参数进行的。使用PubMed进行电子和手动搜索，ScienceDirect,WebofScience,EBSCO,和Cochrane数据库。对选定文章的参考列表进行了审查，以确定相关研究。搜索不受年份限制，仅使用英语进行。合格的研究包括描述体外研究的出版物，这些研究评估了源自GSE和蔓越莓提取物的类黄酮对变形链球菌的微生物活性的影响。确定了共同变量以巩固数据。这篇综述的作者独立筛选了搜索结果，提取的数据，并评估了偏差的风险。
结果：在从不同数据库中确定的420项研究中，最终选择了22种出版物进行审查。13篇文章的偏倚风险较低，9篇为中度。这篇综述中分析的研究表明，蔓越莓提取物在0.5mg/mL至25mg/mL的范围内对变形链球菌的细菌生长具有抑制作用，和GSE从0.5mg/mL到250mg/mL发挥类似的作用。此外,提取物或其部分显示生物膜形成能力降低，微生物生物膜生物量减少，糖基转移酶（Gtf）B和C表达的失调，和pH下降的缓冲。另外充足的抗氧化活性与多酚含量有关。
结论：总体结果表明，蔓越莓和葡萄籽提取物可有效降低口腔病原体的毒力因子。根据数据,原花青素是酸果蔓和葡萄籽中有效抵抗变形链球菌的活性成分。它们可以抑制细胞外基质中不溶性多糖的形成，并防止聚糖介导的粘附，凝聚力,和变异链球菌中蛋白质的聚集。这表明这些天然提取物可以在预防致龋细菌定植中发挥重要作用。以及诱导其微生物活性的降低。
方法：本系统评价是按照PRISMA声明（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）的参数进行的。使用PubMed进行电子和手动搜索，ScienceDirect,WebofScience,EBSCO,和Cochrane数据库。对选定文章的参考列表进行了审查，以确定相关研究。搜索不受年份限制，仅使用英语进行。合格的研究包括描述体外研究的出版物，这些研究评估了源自GSE和蔓越莓提取物的类黄酮对变形链球菌的微生物活性的影响。确定了共同变量以巩固数据。这篇综述的作者独立筛选了搜索结果，提取的数据，并评估了偏差的风险。
结果：在从不同数据库中确定的420项研究中，最终选择了22种出版物进行审查。13篇文章的偏倚风险较低，9篇为中度。这篇综述中分析的研究表明，蔓越莓提取物在0.5mg/mL至25mg/mL的范围内对变形链球菌的细菌生长具有抑制作用，和GSE从0.5mg/mL到250mg/mL发挥类似的作用。此外,提取物或其部分显示生物膜形成能力降低，微生物生物膜生物量减少，糖基转移酶（Gtf）B和C表达的失调，和pH下降的缓冲。另外充足的抗氧化活性与多酚含量有关。
结论：总体结果表明，蔓越莓和葡萄籽提取物可有效降低口腔病原体的毒力因子。根据数据,原花青素是酸果蔓和葡萄籽中有效抵抗变形链球菌的活性成分。它们可以抑制细胞外基质中不溶性多糖的形成，并防止聚糖介导的粘附，凝聚力,和变异链球菌中蛋白质的聚集。这表明这些天然提取物可以在预防致龋细菌定植中发挥重要作用。以及诱导其微生物活性的降低。
