Abstract：
Cervical cancer affects women worldwide and is the most common human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancer. Carcinogenesis caused by HPV results in specific cancer behavior because of the underlying viral infection. The mechanism and timing of the transformation from viral infection to cancer cells have been elucidated in detail. Treatments for this cancer are based on its characteristics and are being implemented. Moreover, HPV infection is widespread worldwide and is transmitted through sexual activity. Although the HPV vaccination is the most effective strategy of preventing cervical cancer, it is not feasible to vaccinate the entire human population especially in low- and middle-income countries. In order to consider the next step for HPV vaccination, we need to understand the characteristics of HPV carcinogenesis and cervical cancer. Additionally, treatment aimed at preservation of reproductive function in patients with cervical cancer is often required, as the cervix is a reproductive organ and because the disease is more prevalent in the adolescent and young adult generation. Thus, there are still many challenges in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cervical cancer.
摘要：
宫颈癌影响全球女性，是最常见的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）相关癌症。由于潜在的病毒感染,由HPV引起的癌变导致特定的癌症行为。已经详细阐明了从病毒感染转化为癌细胞的机制和时机。这种癌症的治疗基于其特征并正在实施。此外，HPV感染在世界范围内广泛存在，并通过性活动传播。尽管HPV疫苗接种是预防宫颈癌的最有效策略，为整个人口接种疫苗是不可行的，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。为了考虑HPV疫苗接种的下一步，我们需要了解HPV癌变和宫颈癌的特点。此外,通常需要针对宫颈癌患者保留生殖功能的治疗，由于子宫颈是生殖器官，并且由于该疾病在青少年和年轻成人一代中更为普遍。因此，诊断仍有许多挑战，治疗,和预防宫颈癌。
