Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Adoption of allergen avoidance diets may increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies and affect growth in children with food allergy (FA). How these dietary restrictions have an impact on diet diversity, a health-promoting eating behavior, remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diet diversity, dietary intake, and weight status of children with FA.
METHODS: Observational study.
METHODS: One hundred children with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated milk, egg, or nut FA or multiple FAs and 60 children with perennial respiratory allergies (RA) matched as controls, aged 3 to 18 years, were consecutively recruited into the study.
METHODS: Dietary intake and diet diversity (number of different foods consumed/day) were assessed through 4 24-hour recalls. Weight status (underweight, healthy weight, overweight, or obesity) was also evaluated.
METHODS: Chi-squared test and 2-sample independent t test were used to test differences between groups. Adjustment for sex, age, and energy intake was made using linear regression.
RESULTS: The percentage of underweight was higher in children with FA (19.6%) compared with children in the control group (5.1%). Children with FA compared with children in the control group consumed more servings of meat (1.7, 95% CI, 1.6, 1.9 vs. 1.5, 95% CI, 1.3, 1.7 servings/day [Padj = 0.031]). No difference was observed in the diet diversity between the 2 groups (11-12 different foods/day). Within the FA group, children with allergy to milk proteins had lower energy intake from protein, lower intake of calcium, lower consumption of commercially prepared sweets, and higher consumption of eggs, compared with children with nut or egg allergy, but no difference in diet diversity was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Diet diversity did not differ between children with FA and children with no FA, despite some differences in the intake from specific food groups. However, the higher percentage of underweight in children with FA suggests the need for targeted nutrition intervention as early as possible after FA diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diet diversity, dietary intake, and weight status of children with FA.
METHODS: Observational study.
METHODS: One hundred children with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated milk, egg, or nut FA or multiple FAs and 60 children with perennial respiratory allergies (RA) matched as controls, aged 3 to 18 years, were consecutively recruited into the study.
METHODS: Dietary intake and diet diversity (number of different foods consumed/day) were assessed through 4 24-hour recalls. Weight status (underweight, healthy weight, overweight, or obesity) was also evaluated.
METHODS: Chi-squared test and 2-sample independent t test were used to test differences between groups. Adjustment for sex, age, and energy intake was made using linear regression.
RESULTS: The percentage of underweight was higher in children with FA (19.6%) compared with children in the control group (5.1%). Children with FA compared with children in the control group consumed more servings of meat (1.7, 95% CI, 1.6, 1.9 vs. 1.5, 95% CI, 1.3, 1.7 servings/day [Padj = 0.031]). No difference was observed in the diet diversity between the 2 groups (11-12 different foods/day). Within the FA group, children with allergy to milk proteins had lower energy intake from protein, lower intake of calcium, lower consumption of commercially prepared sweets, and higher consumption of eggs, compared with children with nut or egg allergy, but no difference in diet diversity was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Diet diversity did not differ between children with FA and children with no FA, despite some differences in the intake from specific food groups. However, the higher percentage of underweight in children with FA suggests the need for targeted nutrition intervention as early as possible after FA diagnosis.
摘要：
背景：采用避免过敏原的饮食可能会增加食物过敏（FA）儿童营养缺乏的风险并影响其生长。目前尚不清楚这些饮食限制如何对饮食多样性产生影响。促进健康的饮食行为。
目的：为了评估饮食多样性，FA儿童的饮食摄入量和体重状况。
方法：观察性研究。
方法：100名IgE介导的乳汁患儿，鸡蛋或坚果FA或多个FA和60名常年呼吸道过敏（RA）的儿童作为对照，3-18岁,被连续招募到研究中。
方法：通过四次24小时召回评估了饮食摄入量和饮食多样性（每天消耗的不同食物数量）。体重状态（体重不足，健康体重,超重或肥胖）也进行了评估。
方法：采用卡方检验和两样本独立t检验来检验组间差异。性别调整，年龄和能量摄入，使用线性回归。
结果：与对照组的儿童（5.1％）相比，FA儿童的体重不足百分比更高（19.6％）。与对照组儿童相比，患有FA的儿童食用更多的肉类[1.7，95CI（1.6，1.9）与1.5，95CI（1.3，1.7）份/天，(padj=0.031)].两组之间的饮食多样性没有观察到差异（11-12种不同的食物/天）。在FA组中，对牛奶蛋白过敏的儿童从蛋白质中摄入的能量较低，钙的摄入量较低，降低商业制备的糖果的消费量，和更高的鸡蛋消费量，与坚果或鸡蛋过敏的儿童相比，但是没有观察到饮食多样性的差异。
结论：FA儿童和无FA儿童的饮食多样性没有差异，尽管特定食物组的摄入量存在一些差异。然而,FA患儿体重过轻的比例较高,提示需要在FA确诊后尽早进行有针对性的营养干预.
目的：为了评估饮食多样性，FA儿童的饮食摄入量和体重状况。
方法：观察性研究。
方法：100名IgE介导的乳汁患儿，鸡蛋或坚果FA或多个FA和60名常年呼吸道过敏（RA）的儿童作为对照，3-18岁,被连续招募到研究中。
方法：通过四次24小时召回评估了饮食摄入量和饮食多样性（每天消耗的不同食物数量）。体重状态（体重不足，健康体重,超重或肥胖）也进行了评估。
方法：采用卡方检验和两样本独立t检验来检验组间差异。性别调整，年龄和能量摄入，使用线性回归。
结果：与对照组的儿童（5.1％）相比，FA儿童的体重不足百分比更高（19.6％）。与对照组儿童相比，患有FA的儿童食用更多的肉类[1.7，95CI（1.6，1.9）与1.5，95CI（1.3，1.7）份/天，(padj=0.031)].两组之间的饮食多样性没有观察到差异（11-12种不同的食物/天）。在FA组中，对牛奶蛋白过敏的儿童从蛋白质中摄入的能量较低，钙的摄入量较低，降低商业制备的糖果的消费量，和更高的鸡蛋消费量，与坚果或鸡蛋过敏的儿童相比，但是没有观察到饮食多样性的差异。
结论：FA儿童和无FA儿童的饮食多样性没有差异，尽管特定食物组的摄入量存在一些差异。然而,FA患儿体重过轻的比例较高,提示需要在FA确诊后尽早进行有针对性的营养干预.
