Abstract：
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses ongoing global health challenges due to its propensity for mutations, which can undermine vaccine efficacy. With no definitive treatment available, urgent research into affordable and biocompatible therapeutic agents is extremely urgent. Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), transmembrane protease serine subtype 2 (TMPRSS2), and Furin enzymes, which allow the virus to enter cells, are particularly important as potential drug targets among scientists. Olive leaf extract (OLE) has garnered attention for its potential against Coronavirus Disease-9 (COVID-19), yet its mechanism remains understudied. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of OLE on ACE-2, TMPRSS2, and Furin protein expressions by cell culture study. Total phenol, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity were measured by photometric methods, and oleuropein levels were measured by liquid LC-HR-MS. Cell viability was analyzed by ATP levels using a luminometric method. ACE-2, TMPRSS2, and Furin expressions were analyzed by the Western Blotting method. ACE-2, TMPRSS2, and Furin protein expression levels were significantly lower in a dose dependent manner and the highest inhibition was seen at 100 μg/ml OLE. The results showed that OLE may be a promising treatment candidate for COVID-19 disease. However, further studies need to be conducted in cells co-infected with the virus.
摘要：
严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2由于其突变的倾向，构成了持续的全球健康挑战，这可能会破坏疫苗的功效。没有明确的治疗方法，对经济实惠和生物相容性治疗剂的紧急研究是非常紧迫的。血管紧张素转换酶-2（ACEII），跨膜蛋白酶丝氨酸亚型2（TMPRSS2），和弗林蛋白酶，允许病毒进入细胞，在科学家中作为潜在的药物靶标尤为重要。橄榄叶提取物(OLE)因其对COVID-19的潜力而受到关注，但其机制仍未得到充分研究。在这项研究中,我们的目的是研究OLE对ACEII的影响，通过细胞培养研究TMPRSS2和Furin蛋白表达。总酚,类黄酮含量，用光度法测定抗氧化能力，和橄榄苦苷水平通过液体LC-HR-MS测量。使用发光方法通过ATP水平分析细胞活力。ACEII,通过蛋白质印迹法分析TMPRSS2和Furin表达。ACEII,TMPRSS2和Furin蛋白表达水平以剂量依赖性方式显著降低,并且在100μg/mlOLE时观察到最高抑制。结果表明，OLE可能是COVID-19疾病的有希望的治疗候选药物。然而,需要在与病毒共感染的细胞中进行进一步的研究。
