PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The gut microbiota in cattle is essential for protein, energy, and vitamin production and hence, microbiota perturbations can affect cattle performance. This study evaluated the effect of intramammary (IMM) ceftiofur treatment and lactation stage on the functional gut microbiome and metabolome. Forty dairy cows were enrolled at dry-off. Half received IMM ceftiofur and a non-antibiotic teat sealant containing bismuth subnitrate (cases), while the other half received the teat sealant (controls). Fecal samples were collected before treatment at dry off, during the dry period (weeks 1 and 5) and the first week after calving (week 9). Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was applied to predict microbial metabolic pathways whereas untargeted metabolomics was used identify polar and nonpolar metabolites. Compared to controls, long-term changes were observed in the cows given ceftiofur, including a lower abundance of microbial pathways linked to energy production, amino acid biosynthesis, and other vital molecules. The metabolome of treated cows had elevated levels of stachyose, phosphatidylethanolamine diacylglycerol (PE-DAG), and inosine a week after the IMM ceftiofur application, indicating alterations in microbial fermentation, lipid metabolism, energy, and cellular signaling. Differences were also observed by sampling, with cows in late lactation having more diverse metabolic pathways and a unique metabolome containing higher levels of histamine and histamine-producing bacteria. These data illustrate how IMM ceftiofur treatment can alter the functionality of the hindgut metabolome and microbiome. Understanding how antibiotics and lactation stages, which are each characterized by unique diets and physiology, impact the function of resident microbes is critical to define normal gut function in dairy cattle.
摘要：
牛的肠道微生物对蛋白质至关重要，能源,和维生素的生产，因此，微生物群扰动会影响牛的生产性能。这项研究评估了乳腺内（IMM）头孢噻呋酯治疗和哺乳期对功能性肠道微生物组和代谢组的影响。40头奶牛在干旱时注册。一半接受了IMM头孢噻呋和含硝酸铋的非抗生素乳头密封剂（病例），而另一半接受了乳头密封剂(对照)。在干燥处理之前收集粪便样品，在干燥期间（第1周和第5周）和产卵后的第一周（第9周）。鸟枪宏基因组测序用于预测微生物代谢途径，而非靶向代谢组学用于识别极性和非极性代谢物。与对照组相比，在给予头孢噻呋的奶牛中观察到长期变化，包括与能源生产相关的微生物途径的丰度较低，氨基酸生物合成，和其他重要分子。处理过的奶牛的代谢组的水苏糖水平升高，磷脂酰乙醇胺二酰基甘油（PE-DAG），IMM头孢噻呋后一周，表明微生物发酵的变化，脂质代谢，能源,和细胞信号。通过采样也观察到差异，泌乳后期的奶牛具有更多样化的代谢途径和含有更高水平的组胺和产生组胺的细菌的独特代谢组。这些数据说明了IMM头孢噻呋酯治疗如何改变后肠代谢组和微生物组的功能。了解抗生素和哺乳期，每个都以独特的饮食和生理为特征，影响常驻微生物的功能对于确定奶牛的正常肠道功能至关重要。
