PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is a common, yet underdiagnosed neurodegenerative disease affecting older dogs. Treatment is most effective when started early, so identifying mild cognitive decline in the earlier stages of the disease is considered important.
UNASSIGNED: To compare the results of three different standard screening questionnaires [Canine Dementia Scale (CADES), Canine Cognitive Assessment Scale (CCAS), and Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Rating Scale (CCDR)] for CCD diagnosis. Trainability, pain sensitivity, and fear were additionally assessed with the Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) in order to evaluate associations between the three dementia scales and behavior.
UNASSIGNED: An online survey containing all the mentioned questionnaires was designed for and distributed among owners of elderly dogs.
UNASSIGNED: Data from 597 dogs were analyzed. Overall, the scores of the three CCD questionnaires correlated well with each other, especially those of the CADES and CCAS. The CADES was more sensitive in identifying dogs with already mild to moderate cognitive impairment, while the others classified them as still undergoing normal aging. CCD scores increased for all questionnaires with age with spatial orientation being a key feature in CCD development. Trainability assessed with the C-BARQ decreased significantly with severity of CCD signs, while pain sensitivity increased. Fear and anxiety was pronounced in animals with mild but not with severe CCD. These associations based on the C-BARQ were more clearly observable in relation to CADES and CCDR than CCAS.
UNASSIGNED: The choice of screening questionnaire impacts the evaluation of cognitive status and severity of CCD. Thresholds for severity classification differ significantly and may have an impact on reliable assessment. Further longitudinal studies are required to determine which of the questionnaires investigated in this study is best suited for early detection of CCD.
UNASSIGNED: To compare the results of three different standard screening questionnaires [Canine Dementia Scale (CADES), Canine Cognitive Assessment Scale (CCAS), and Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Rating Scale (CCDR)] for CCD diagnosis. Trainability, pain sensitivity, and fear were additionally assessed with the Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) in order to evaluate associations between the three dementia scales and behavior.
UNASSIGNED: An online survey containing all the mentioned questionnaires was designed for and distributed among owners of elderly dogs.
UNASSIGNED: Data from 597 dogs were analyzed. Overall, the scores of the three CCD questionnaires correlated well with each other, especially those of the CADES and CCAS. The CADES was more sensitive in identifying dogs with already mild to moderate cognitive impairment, while the others classified them as still undergoing normal aging. CCD scores increased for all questionnaires with age with spatial orientation being a key feature in CCD development. Trainability assessed with the C-BARQ decreased significantly with severity of CCD signs, while pain sensitivity increased. Fear and anxiety was pronounced in animals with mild but not with severe CCD. These associations based on the C-BARQ were more clearly observable in relation to CADES and CCDR than CCAS.
UNASSIGNED: The choice of screening questionnaire impacts the evaluation of cognitive status and severity of CCD. Thresholds for severity classification differ significantly and may have an impact on reliable assessment. Further longitudinal studies are required to determine which of the questionnaires investigated in this study is best suited for early detection of CCD.
摘要：
■犬认知功能障碍(CCD)是一种常见的，但未被诊断的神经退行性疾病影响老年犬。早期开始治疗最有效，因此，在疾病的早期阶段识别轻度认知能力下降被认为是重要的。
■为了比较三种不同标准筛查问卷的结果[犬痴呆量表（CADES），犬认知评估量表(CCAS),和犬认知功能障碍评定量表（CCDR）]用于CCD诊断。可培训性,疼痛敏感性,此外,我们还使用犬科动物行为评估和研究问卷(C-BARQ)评估了恐惧,以评估三种痴呆量表和行为之间的关联。
■一项包含所有提到的问卷的在线调查是为老年犬只的主人设计并分发的。
■分析来自597只狗的数据。总的来说,三个CCD问卷的得分相互关联良好，尤其是那些CADES和CCAS。CADES在识别已经轻度至中度认知障碍的狗时更敏感，而其他人则将它们归类为仍在正常衰老。随着年龄的增长，所有问卷的CCD得分都有所增加，空间取向是CCD开发的关键特征。C-BARQ评估的可训练性随着CCD体征的严重程度而显著下降，而疼痛敏感性增加。在轻度而非重度CCD的动物中，恐惧和焦虑明显。与CCAS相比，基于C-BARQ的这些关联与CADES和CCDR的关系更清楚。
■筛选问卷的选择会影响对CCD认知状态和严重程度的评估。严重程度分类的阈值差异很大，可能会对可靠的评估产生影响。需要进一步的纵向研究，以确定本研究中调查的哪一份问卷最适合早期检测CCD。
■为了比较三种不同标准筛查问卷的结果[犬痴呆量表（CADES），犬认知评估量表(CCAS),和犬认知功能障碍评定量表（CCDR）]用于CCD诊断。可培训性,疼痛敏感性,此外,我们还使用犬科动物行为评估和研究问卷(C-BARQ)评估了恐惧,以评估三种痴呆量表和行为之间的关联。
■一项包含所有提到的问卷的在线调查是为老年犬只的主人设计并分发的。
■分析来自597只狗的数据。总的来说,三个CCD问卷的得分相互关联良好，尤其是那些CADES和CCAS。CADES在识别已经轻度至中度认知障碍的狗时更敏感，而其他人则将它们归类为仍在正常衰老。随着年龄的增长，所有问卷的CCD得分都有所增加，空间取向是CCD开发的关键特征。C-BARQ评估的可训练性随着CCD体征的严重程度而显著下降，而疼痛敏感性增加。在轻度而非重度CCD的动物中，恐惧和焦虑明显。与CCAS相比，基于C-BARQ的这些关联与CADES和CCDR的关系更清楚。
■筛选问卷的选择会影响对CCD认知状态和严重程度的评估。严重程度分类的阈值差异很大，可能会对可靠的评估产生影响。需要进一步的纵向研究，以确定本研究中调查的哪一份问卷最适合早期检测CCD。
