Abstract：
This systematic review of peer reviewed articles on attitudes towards gray wolves (Canis lupus), shows that attitudes are mainly measured either by mean values of attitudes or by proportional differences in attitudes. This may impact on how attitudes are perceived and interpreted across studies and areas. However, independent of method used, we found that people living in areas where wolves always have existed, are more negative towards wolves compared to people living in areas where there are no wolves, or where wolves have recovered after years of absence. People who express fear, or being directly affected by having wolves, such as farmers and hunters, report more negative attitudes compared to other groups of respondents. For wolf conservation we recommend politicians and management authorities to prepare local societies of the different consequences of living in wolf areas. We recommend using dialogues and conflict management methods to minimize the level of conflicts.
摘要：
这篇关于对灰狼(Canis狼疮)态度的同行评议文章的系统综述，表明，态度主要是通过态度的平均值或态度的比例差异来衡量的。这可能会影响跨研究和领域的态度如何被感知和解释。然而,独立于使用的方法，我们发现生活在狼一直存在的地区的人们，与生活在没有狼的地区的人相比，对狼更消极，或者狼在缺席多年后恢复的地方。表达恐惧的人，或者直接受到狼的影响，比如农民和猎人，与其他受访者相比，报告更多的消极态度。对于狼的保护，我们建议政治家和管理当局为当地社会准备好生活在狼地区的不同后果。我们建议使用对话和冲突管理方法来最大程度地减少冲突。
