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Abstract：
Introduction Muscles, ligaments, tendons, bones, and cartilage undergo age-related changes, affecting the foot-ankle joint complex biomechanics in both genders. While international studies have extensively researched these dynamics, Indian studies are limited. Our study aims to fill this gap by analyzing the anthropometric and biomechanical function of the foot-ankle joint complex in normal individuals and those with painful pathologies at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Rajkot\'s OPD. Methods In a two-year case-control study of the cross-sectional type conducted at AIIMS Rajkot\'s OPD, 158 patients with similar pain intensity on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale were examined. Anthropometric and biomechanical measurements were taken for both affected and non-affected foot and ankle joints. Cases comprised patients with foot and ankle joint pain, while controls were selected based on predefined criteria and were without such pain. Ethical approval was acquired from the Institutional Ethical Committee of AIIMS Rajkot. Results The sprain of the ankle joint and foot was the most common musculoskeletal pathology (65 out of 158 cases, i.e., 41.13%) affecting the ankle joint-foot complex. Patients involved in occupations requiring higher physical inactivity suffer more commonly from ankle joint-foot pathologies. The mean difference in the range of motion, i.e., dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, and eversion, between affected and non-affected feet was found to be lower in the patients who belonged to occupations involving low physical activity compared to those patients having occupations with high physical activity. Conclusion Reduced physical activity increases the stiffness and reduces the flexibility of the tendons, muscles, and ligaments of any joint (the ankle joint-foot complex in this study) and is associated with a higher incidence of musculoskeletal pathologies.
摘要：
介绍肌肉，韧带,肌腱,骨头,软骨经历与年龄相关的变化，影响足踝关节复杂生物力学在两个性别。虽然国际研究已经广泛研究了这些动态，印度的研究是有限的。我们的研究旨在通过分析正常人和全印度医学科学研究所（AIIMS）Rajkot的OPD患有疼痛病理的人的足踝关节复合体的人体测量和生物力学功能来填补这一空白。方法在AIIMSRajkot'sOPD进行的横断面类型的为期两年的病例对照研究中，检查了158名在数字疼痛评定量表上具有相似疼痛强度的患者。对受影响和未受影响的足和踝关节进行人体测量和生物力学测量。病例包括足部和踝关节疼痛患者，而对照组是根据预定义的标准选择的，并且没有这种疼痛。道德批准是从AIIMSRajkot的机构道德委员会获得的。结果踝关节和足部扭伤是最常见的肌肉骨骼病理（158例中有65例，即，41.13%）影响踝关节-足复合体。从事需要较高体力活动的职业的患者更常见于踝关节-足部病变。运动范围的平均差异，即，背屈,足底屈曲,倒置,和外翻，与具有高体力活动职业的患者相比，属于低体力活动职业的患者在受影响和未受影响的脚之间的比例较低。结论体力活动减少会增加肌腱的刚度，降低肌腱的柔韧性，肌肉,和任何关节的韧带（本研究中的踝关节-足复合体），并且与肌肉骨骼病变的发生率较高有关。
