Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Children born Small for Gestational Age (SGA) without early catch-up growth may show impaired growth rate, adult height, and metabolic profile [1]. Growth Hormone (GH) is recommended for their treatment, and it has been shown to have positive effects on growth and metabolic profile and good tolerability [2].
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to evaluate the auxological and metabolic effects and safety of GH treatment in SGA children.
METHODS: 34 SGA children (15 F, 19 M; mean age: 8.72 ± 2.48 yrs) treated with GH (starting dosage: 32.24 ± 2.88 mcg/kg/die) were evaluated every six months for 24 months with growth and metabolic parameters.
RESULTS: After two years, SGA children showed a significant improvement in height, weight, and growth rate, already evident after six months (p < 0.001), with a constant, significant improvement in height throughout the treatment (p ≤ 0.03 T0 vs. T12, T12 vs. T24). Conversely, although significantly higher than baseline at each visit (p < 0.001), the growth rate significantly decreased from 6 to 18 months (p ≤ 0.015 T6 vs. T12, T12 vs. T18). During the follow-up, an increase in glycemia (p ≤ 0.042 vs. T12, T18) and urycemia (p ≤ 0.01 vs. T12, T18, and T24) and a decrease in AST (p ≤ 0.021 vs. T12, T18, and T24) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.03 vs. T24) were observed. Overall, treatment was found to be well tolerated, with poor compliance being the most frequent adverse event (11.8%) and no reported hyperglycemia.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, GH can be considered an effective, safe treatment in SGA children, improving height and growth rate, although proper metabolic follow-up is required.
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to evaluate the auxological and metabolic effects and safety of GH treatment in SGA children.
METHODS: 34 SGA children (15 F, 19 M; mean age: 8.72 ± 2.48 yrs) treated with GH (starting dosage: 32.24 ± 2.88 mcg/kg/die) were evaluated every six months for 24 months with growth and metabolic parameters.
RESULTS: After two years, SGA children showed a significant improvement in height, weight, and growth rate, already evident after six months (p < 0.001), with a constant, significant improvement in height throughout the treatment (p ≤ 0.03 T0 vs. T12, T12 vs. T24). Conversely, although significantly higher than baseline at each visit (p < 0.001), the growth rate significantly decreased from 6 to 18 months (p ≤ 0.015 T6 vs. T12, T12 vs. T18). During the follow-up, an increase in glycemia (p ≤ 0.042 vs. T12, T18) and urycemia (p ≤ 0.01 vs. T12, T18, and T24) and a decrease in AST (p ≤ 0.021 vs. T12, T18, and T24) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.03 vs. T24) were observed. Overall, treatment was found to be well tolerated, with poor compliance being the most frequent adverse event (11.8%) and no reported hyperglycemia.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, GH can be considered an effective, safe treatment in SGA children, improving height and growth rate, although proper metabolic follow-up is required.
摘要：
背景：出生的小于胎龄（SGA）而没有早期追赶生长的儿童可能表现出生长速度受损，成人身高,和代谢概况[1]。生长激素（GH）被推荐用于治疗，它已被证明对生长和代谢谱和良好的耐受性有积极的影响[2]。
目的：该研究旨在评估GH治疗对SGA儿童的营养和代谢影响以及安全性。
方法：34名SGA儿童（15F，19M；平均年龄：8.72±2.48岁）用GH（起始剂量：32.24±2.88mcg/kg/die）治疗，每六个月评估24个月的生长和代谢参数。
结果：两年后，SGA儿童的身高显着改善，体重,和增长率，六个月后已经很明显(p<0.001)，有一个常数，在整个治疗过程中高度显著改善(p≤0.03T0与T12,T12vs.T24).相反，尽管每次访视均显著高于基线（p<0.001），从6到18个月，增长率显着下降(p≤0.015T6vs.T12,T12vs.T18).在后续行动中,血糖升高（p≤0.042vs.T12，T18）和尿酸血症（p≤0.01vs.T12、T18和T24)和AST降低(p≤0.021vs.T12，T18和T24）和LDL胆固醇（p=0.03vs.T24）被观察到。总的来说,发现治疗耐受性良好，依从性差是最常见的不良事件（11.8％），未报告高血糖。
结论：结论：GH可以被认为是有效的，SGA儿童的安全治疗，提高身高和生长速度，尽管需要适当的代谢随访。
目的：该研究旨在评估GH治疗对SGA儿童的营养和代谢影响以及安全性。
方法：34名SGA儿童（15F，19M；平均年龄：8.72±2.48岁）用GH（起始剂量：32.24±2.88mcg/kg/die）治疗，每六个月评估24个月的生长和代谢参数。
结果：两年后，SGA儿童的身高显着改善，体重,和增长率，六个月后已经很明显(p<0.001)，有一个常数，在整个治疗过程中高度显著改善(p≤0.03T0与T12,T12vs.T24).相反，尽管每次访视均显著高于基线（p<0.001），从6到18个月，增长率显着下降(p≤0.015T6vs.T12,T12vs.T18).在后续行动中,血糖升高（p≤0.042vs.T12，T18）和尿酸血症（p≤0.01vs.T12、T18和T24)和AST降低(p≤0.021vs.T12，T18和T24）和LDL胆固醇（p=0.03vs.T24）被观察到。总的来说,发现治疗耐受性良好，依从性差是最常见的不良事件（11.8％），未报告高血糖。
结论：结论：GH可以被认为是有效的，SGA儿童的安全治疗，提高身高和生长速度，尽管需要适当的代谢随访。
