PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Acidophiles comprise a group of microorganisms adapted to live in acidic environments. Despite acidophiles are usually associated with an autotrophic metabolism, more than 80 microorganisms capable of utilizing organic matter have been isolated from natural and man-made environments. The ability to reduce soluble and insoluble iron compounds has been described for many of these species and may be harnessed to develop new or improved mining processes when oxidative bioleaching is ineffective. Similarly, as these microorganisms grow in highly acidic media and the chances of contamination are reduced by the low pH, they may be employed to implement robust fermentation processes. By conducting an extensive literature review, this work presents an updated view of basic aspects and technological applications in biomining, bioremediation, fermentation processes aimed at biopolymers production, microbial electrochemical systems, and the potential use of extremozymes.
摘要：
嗜酸菌包括一组适于在酸性环境中生活的微生物。尽管嗜酸菌通常与自养代谢有关，从自然和人造环境中分离出80多种能够利用有机物的微生物。已经描述了许多这些物种减少可溶性和不溶性铁化合物的能力，并且当氧化生物浸出无效时，可以利用该能力开发新的或改进的采矿方法。同样，由于这些微生物在高酸性介质中生长，低pH降低了污染的机会，它们可以用来实现强大的发酵过程。通过进行广泛的文献综述，这项工作提出了生物筛查的基本方面和技术应用的最新观点，生物修复，针对生物聚合物生产的发酵过程，微生物电化学系统，以及极端酶的潜在用途。
