Abstract：
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in premature infants. The condition is associated with DHA deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DHA supplementation on the occurrence of ROP in infants receiving oral oil drops. It is part of the Joinville DHA study, a non-parallel-group cohort study conducted from March 2020 to January 2023 at a public maternity hospital in Brazil. Infants born before 33 weeks of gestational age or with a birth weight ≤ 1500 g were recruited. Among 155 infants, 81 did not receive and 74 received DHA supplementation until complete vascularisation of the peripheral retina. There was a higher incidence of infants with ROP in the unsupplemented group (58·6 %) compared with the DHA group (41·4 %), but this difference was NS (P = 0·22). Unadjusted logistic regression analysis showed that patent ductus arteriosus and neonatal corticosteroids were significantly (P < 0·05) associated with ROP in both groups. In the DHA group, surfactant use was also associated with ROP (P = 0·003). After adjusting for important covariates, patent ductus arteriosus and neonatal corticosteroids continued to be significant for infants in the unsupplemented group (OR = 3·99; P = 0·022 and OR = 5·64; P = 0·019, respectively). In the DHA group, only surfactant use continued to be associated with ROP (OR = 4·84; P = 0·015). In summary, DHA supplementation was not associated with ROP. Further studies are necessary to better understand the relationship between DHA supplementation, ROP and associated comorbidities.
摘要：
早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）是早产儿失明的主要原因。该病症与二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)缺乏有关。本研究旨在探讨补充DHA对口服滴油剂婴幼儿ROP发生的影响。它是JoinvilleDHA研究（JoiDHA研究）的一部分，2020年3月至2023年1月在巴西一家公立妇产医院进行的非平行组队列研究.招募在胎龄33周之前出生或出生体重≤1,500g的婴儿。在155名婴儿中，81未接受,74接受DHA补充,直到周边视网膜完全血管化。与DHA组（41·4％）相比，未补充组（58·6％）的ROP婴儿发生率更高，但差异不显著(P=0·22)。非校正logistic回归分析显示，两组动脉导管未闭和新生儿糖皮质激素均与ROP显著相关（P<0·05）。在DHA组中,表面活性剂的使用也与ROP相关(P=0·003)。在调整了重要的协变量后，在未补充组中,动脉导管未闭和新生儿皮质类固醇对婴儿的影响仍然显著(分别为OR=3·99;P=0·022和OR=5·64;P=0·019).在DHA组中,仅表面活性剂的使用继续与ROP相关(OR=4·84;P=0·015)。总之,DHA补充与ROP无关。进一步的研究是必要的，以更好地了解DHA补充之间的关系。拖放,和相关的合并症。
