Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that inflammatory processes play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Statins exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and may be effective in improving the symptoms of schizophrenia. This study explored whether statins, as an adjunctive therapy, can alleviate the symptoms of schizophrenia.
METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles published up to March 2023. The risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess study quality. Two researchers independently assessed the risks of bias and extracted data. Pooled data on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores were analyzed. A random-effects model was employed to calculate pooled effect sizes. Statistical heterogeneity across studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. All analyses were performed using RevMan5 and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.
RESULTS: Nine trials enrolling 533 patients in total were included. Add-on statin therapy was found to be associated with a significantly better total PANSS score [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.75 to -0.09, I2 = 72%; P = 0.01] and PANSS negative subscale score (SMD = -0.26, 95% CI -0.45 to -0.07, I2 = 0%; P = 0.009) in comparison with placebo. However, add-on statin therapy did not appear to improve scores for the PANSS positive and general subscales at the study-defined endpoint (6-24 weeks).
CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis indicates that adjunctive statin therapy may confer benefits in ameliorating PANSS negative and total scores. It needs more solid data to confirm the results are related to clinical improvement and functioning.
METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles published up to March 2023. The risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess study quality. Two researchers independently assessed the risks of bias and extracted data. Pooled data on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores were analyzed. A random-effects model was employed to calculate pooled effect sizes. Statistical heterogeneity across studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. All analyses were performed using RevMan5 and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.
RESULTS: Nine trials enrolling 533 patients in total were included. Add-on statin therapy was found to be associated with a significantly better total PANSS score [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.75 to -0.09, I2 = 72%; P = 0.01] and PANSS negative subscale score (SMD = -0.26, 95% CI -0.45 to -0.07, I2 = 0%; P = 0.009) in comparison with placebo. However, add-on statin therapy did not appear to improve scores for the PANSS positive and general subscales at the study-defined endpoint (6-24 weeks).
CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis indicates that adjunctive statin therapy may confer benefits in ameliorating PANSS negative and total scores. It needs more solid data to confirm the results are related to clinical improvement and functioning.
摘要：
背景：证据表明炎症过程在精神分裂症的病理生理学中起作用。他汀类药物具有抗炎和抗氧化作用，可有效改善精神分裂症的症状。这项研究探讨了他汀类药物，作为一种辅助疗法，可以缓解精神分裂症的症状。
方法：PubMed，EMBASE,搜索了Cochrane图书馆直到2023年3月发表的文章。随机试验的偏倚风险工具用于评估研究质量。两名研究人员独立评估了偏倚的风险并提取了数据。分析阳性和阴性综合征量表（PANSS）评分的汇总数据。采用随机效应模型来计算合并效应大小。使用I2统计量评估研究中的统计异质性。所有分析均使用RevMan5和综合Meta分析软件进行。
结果：共纳入了9项纳入533名患者的试验。与安慰剂相比，添加他汀类药物治疗与PANSS总评分[标准化平均差（SMD）=-0.42，95％置信区间（CI）-0.75至-0.09，I2=72％；P=0.01]和PANSS阴性子量表评分（SMD=-0.26，95％CI-0.45至-0.07，I2=0％；P=0.009）明显更好。然而,在研究定义的终点(6~24周),增加他汀类药物治疗似乎未改善PANSS阳性和一般分量表的评分.
结论：我们的荟萃分析表明，他汀类药物辅助治疗可能在改善PANSS阴性和总分方面带来益处。它需要更可靠的数据来确认结果与临床改善和功能有关。
方法：PubMed，EMBASE,搜索了Cochrane图书馆直到2023年3月发表的文章。随机试验的偏倚风险工具用于评估研究质量。两名研究人员独立评估了偏倚的风险并提取了数据。分析阳性和阴性综合征量表（PANSS）评分的汇总数据。采用随机效应模型来计算合并效应大小。使用I2统计量评估研究中的统计异质性。所有分析均使用RevMan5和综合Meta分析软件进行。
结果：共纳入了9项纳入533名患者的试验。与安慰剂相比，添加他汀类药物治疗与PANSS总评分[标准化平均差（SMD）=-0.42，95％置信区间（CI）-0.75至-0.09，I2=72％；P=0.01]和PANSS阴性子量表评分（SMD=-0.26，95％CI-0.45至-0.07，I2=0％；P=0.009）明显更好。然而,在研究定义的终点(6~24周),增加他汀类药物治疗似乎未改善PANSS阳性和一般分量表的评分.
结论：我们的荟萃分析表明，他汀类药物辅助治疗可能在改善PANSS阴性和总分方面带来益处。它需要更可靠的数据来确认结果与临床改善和功能有关。
