OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the potential of a 95% ethanol extract of W. trichotoma (WTE) on the dysfunction of skin barrier and immune system, which are primary symptoms of AD, in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced SKH-1 hairless mice and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/ionomycin or immunoglobulin E (IgE) + 2,4-dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA) stimulated rat basophilic leukemia cell line (RBL-2H3). Furthermore, we sought to identify the chemical contents of WTE using high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA).
METHODS: An in vitro study was conducted using RBL-2H3 cells stimulated with PMA/ionomycin or IgE + DNP-BSA to assess the inhibitory effects of WTE on mast cell degranulation and interleukin-4 (IL-4) mRNA expression levels. For the in vivo study, AD was induced in SKH-1 hairless mice by applying 1% DNCB to the dorsal skin daily for 7 days. Subsequently, 0.1% DNCB solution was applied on alternate days, and mice were orally administered WTE (at 30 or 100 mg/kg/day) dissolved in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) daily for 2 weeks. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, skin pH, and total serum IgE levels were measured.
RESULTS: In DNCB-stimulated SKH-1 hairless mice, WTE administration significantly improved AD symptoms and ameliorated dorsal skin inflammation. Oral administration of WTE led to a significant decrease in skin thickness, infiltration of mast cells, and level of total serum IgE, thus restoring skin barrier function in the DNCB-induced skin lesions. In addition, WTE inhibited β-hexosaminidase release and reduced IL-4 mRNA levels in RBL-2H3 cells. Chemical profile analysis of WTE confirmed the presence of three phenolic compounds, viz. chlorogenic acid, miconioside B, and matteucinol-7-O-β-apiofuranosyl (1 → 6)-β-glucopyranoside.
CONCLUSIONS: WTE ameliorates AD symptoms by modulating in the skin barrier and immune system dysfunction. This suggests that W. trichotoma extract may offer therapeutic benefits for managing AD.
目的:本研究旨在探讨滴眼虫(WTE)的95%乙醇提取物对皮肤屏障和免疫系统功能障碍的影响。这是AD的主要症状,在2,4-二硝基氯苯(DNCB)诱导的SKH-1无毛小鼠和佛波醇12-肉豆蔻酸酯13-乙酸酯(PMA)/离子霉素或免疫球蛋白E(IgE)2,4-二硝基苯化牛血清白蛋白(DNP-BSA)刺激的大鼠嗜碱性白血病细胞系(RBL-2H3)。此外,我们试图使用配备有光电二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-PDA)的高效液相色谱法鉴定WTE的化学成分.
方法:使用PMA/离子霉素或IgEDNP-BSA刺激的RBL-2H3细胞进行体外研究,以评估WTE对肥大细胞脱颗粒和白细胞介素-4(IL-4)mRNA表达水平的抑制作用。对于体内研究,在SKH-1无毛小鼠中通过每天向背部皮肤施用1%DNCB诱导AD,持续7天。随后,隔天施用0.1%DNCB溶液,每天口服给予小鼠溶于0.5%羧甲基纤维素(CMC)的WTE(30或100mg/kg/天),持续2周。经皮水分流失(TEWL),皮肤水合作用,皮肤pH值,测定血清总IgE水平。
结果:在DNCB刺激的SKH-1无毛小鼠中,WTE给药显著改善AD症状并改善背侧皮肤炎症。口服WTE导致皮肤厚度显着降低,肥大细胞浸润,血清总IgE水平,从而恢复DNCB诱导的皮肤损伤中的皮肤屏障功能。此外,WTE抑制β-己糖胺酶释放并降低RBL-2H3细胞中IL-4mRNA水平。WTE的化学剖面分析证实了三种酚类化合物的存在,viz.绿原酸,蜜糖苷B,和matteucinol-7-O-β-吡呋喃基(1→6)-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷。
结论:WTE通过调节皮肤屏障和免疫系统功能障碍来改善AD症状。这表明滴眼瘤提取物可能为管理AD提供治疗益处。