Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Fetal overgrowth has detrimental effects on both the mother and the fetus. The global issue of ambient air pollution has been found to contribute to fetal overgrowth through various pathways. This study aimed to identify the association between prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and the risk of fetal overgrowth.
METHODS: We identified articles between January 2013 and February 2024 by searching the Web of Sciences(WoS), PubMed, Proquest, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle Ottawa scale. This review was provided based on the PRISMA guideline and registered with PROSPERO, \"CRD42023488936\".
RESULTS: The search generated 1719 studies, of which 22 cohort studies were included involving 3,480,041 participants. Results on the effects of air pollutants on fetal overgrowth are inconsistent because they vary in population and geographic region. But in general, the results indicate that prenatal exposure to air pollutants, specifically PM2.5, NO2, and SO2, is linked to a higher likelihood of fetal overgrowth(macrosomia and large for gestational age). Nevertheless, the relationship between CO and O3 pollution and fetal overgrowth remains uncertain. Furthermore, PM10 has a limited effect on fetal overgrowth. It is essential to consider the time that reproductive-age women are exposed to air pollution. Exposure to air pollutants before conception and throughout pregnancy has a substantial impact on the fetus\'s vulnerability to overgrowth.
CONCLUSIONS: Fetal overgrowth has implications for the health of both mother and fetus. fetal overgrowth can cause cardiovascular diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other diseases in adulthood, so it is considered an important issue for the health of the future generation. Contrary to popular belief that air pollution leads to intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight, this study highlights that one of the adverse consequences of air pollution is macrosomia or LGA during pregnancy. Therefore governments must focus on implementing initiatives that aim to reduce pregnant women\'s exposure to ambient air pollution to ensure the health of future generations.
METHODS: We identified articles between January 2013 and February 2024 by searching the Web of Sciences(WoS), PubMed, Proquest, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle Ottawa scale. This review was provided based on the PRISMA guideline and registered with PROSPERO, \"CRD42023488936\".
RESULTS: The search generated 1719 studies, of which 22 cohort studies were included involving 3,480,041 participants. Results on the effects of air pollutants on fetal overgrowth are inconsistent because they vary in population and geographic region. But in general, the results indicate that prenatal exposure to air pollutants, specifically PM2.5, NO2, and SO2, is linked to a higher likelihood of fetal overgrowth(macrosomia and large for gestational age). Nevertheless, the relationship between CO and O3 pollution and fetal overgrowth remains uncertain. Furthermore, PM10 has a limited effect on fetal overgrowth. It is essential to consider the time that reproductive-age women are exposed to air pollution. Exposure to air pollutants before conception and throughout pregnancy has a substantial impact on the fetus\'s vulnerability to overgrowth.
CONCLUSIONS: Fetal overgrowth has implications for the health of both mother and fetus. fetal overgrowth can cause cardiovascular diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other diseases in adulthood, so it is considered an important issue for the health of the future generation. Contrary to popular belief that air pollution leads to intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight, this study highlights that one of the adverse consequences of air pollution is macrosomia or LGA during pregnancy. Therefore governments must focus on implementing initiatives that aim to reduce pregnant women\'s exposure to ambient air pollution to ensure the health of future generations.
摘要：
目的：胎儿过度生长对母亲和胎儿都有不利影响。已发现全球环境空气污染问题通过各种途径导致胎儿过度生长。这项研究旨在确定产前暴露于环境空气污染与胎儿过度生长风险之间的关系。
方法：我们通过搜索WebofSciences（WoS）确定了2013年1月至2024年2月之间的文章，PubMed,Proquest,Scopus,和谷歌学者数据库。使用纽卡斯尔渥太华量表进行质量评估。这篇综述是根据PRISMA指南提供的，并在PROSPERO注册，“CRD42023488936”。
结果：搜索产生了1719项研究，其中22项队列研究纳入3,480,041名参与者.关于空气污染物对胎儿过度生长的影响的结果不一致，因为它们在人口和地理区域中有所不同。但总的来说,结果表明，产前暴露于空气污染物，特别是PM2.5，NO2和SO2与胎儿过度生长（巨大儿和胎龄大）的可能性较高有关。然而，CO和O3污染与胎儿过度生长之间的关系仍然不确定。此外，PM10对胎儿过度生长的影响有限。必须考虑育龄妇女暴露于空气污染的时间。受孕前和整个怀孕期间暴露于空气污染物对胎儿过度生长的脆弱性有重大影响。
结论：胎儿过度生长对母亲和胎儿的健康都有影响。胎儿过度生长会导致心血管疾病,肥胖，2型糖尿病,和其他疾病在成年后，因此，它被认为是下一代健康的重要问题。与人们普遍认为空气污染会导致宫内生长受限和低出生体重相反，这项研究强调，空气污染的不利后果之一是怀孕期间的巨大儿或LGA。因此，各国政府必须集中精力实施旨在减少孕妇暴露于环境空气污染的举措，以确保后代的健康。
方法：我们通过搜索WebofSciences（WoS）确定了2013年1月至2024年2月之间的文章，PubMed,Proquest,Scopus,和谷歌学者数据库。使用纽卡斯尔渥太华量表进行质量评估。这篇综述是根据PRISMA指南提供的，并在PROSPERO注册，“CRD42023488936”。
结果：搜索产生了1719项研究，其中22项队列研究纳入3,480,041名参与者.关于空气污染物对胎儿过度生长的影响的结果不一致，因为它们在人口和地理区域中有所不同。但总的来说,结果表明，产前暴露于空气污染物，特别是PM2.5，NO2和SO2与胎儿过度生长（巨大儿和胎龄大）的可能性较高有关。然而，CO和O3污染与胎儿过度生长之间的关系仍然不确定。此外，PM10对胎儿过度生长的影响有限。必须考虑育龄妇女暴露于空气污染的时间。受孕前和整个怀孕期间暴露于空气污染物对胎儿过度生长的脆弱性有重大影响。
结论：胎儿过度生长对母亲和胎儿的健康都有影响。胎儿过度生长会导致心血管疾病,肥胖，2型糖尿病,和其他疾病在成年后，因此，它被认为是下一代健康的重要问题。与人们普遍认为空气污染会导致宫内生长受限和低出生体重相反，这项研究强调，空气污染的不利后果之一是怀孕期间的巨大儿或LGA。因此，各国政府必须集中精力实施旨在减少孕妇暴露于环境空气污染的举措，以确保后代的健康。
