Abstract：
Upper gastroesophageal carcinomas consist of cancers arising from the esophagus and stomach. Squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas are seen in the esophagus and despite arising from the same organ have different biology. Gastric adenocarcinomas are categorized into 4 molecular subtypes: high Epstein-Barr virus load, microsatellite unstable cancers, chromosomal unstable (CIN) cancers, and genomically stable cancers. Genomically stable gastric cancers correlate highly with histologically defined diffuse-type cancers. Esophageal carcinomas and CIN gastric cancers often are driven by high-level amplifications of oncogenes and contain a high degree of intratumoral heterogeneity. Targeted therapeutics is an active area of research for gastroesophageal cancers.
摘要：
上胃食管癌由食管和胃引起的癌症组成。鳞状细胞癌和腺癌在食管中可见，尽管来自同一器官，但具有不同的生物学特性。胃腺癌分为4种分子亚型：高EB病毒载量，微卫星不稳定癌症，染色体不稳定（CIN）癌症，和基因组稳定的癌症。基因组稳定的胃癌与组织学定义的弥散型癌症高度相关。食管癌和CIN胃癌通常是由癌基因的高水平扩增驱动的，并且包含高度的肿瘤内异质性。靶向治疗是胃食管癌研究的活跃领域。
