PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The emergence and rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance is of global public health concern. The gut microbiota harboring diverse commensal and opportunistic bacteria that can acquire resistance via horizontal and vertical gene transfers is considered an important reservoir and sink of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this review, we describe the reservoirs of gut ARGs and their dynamics in both animals and humans, use the One Health perspective to track the transmission of ARG-containing bacteria between humans, animals, and the environment, and assess the impact of antimicrobial resistance on human health and socioeconomic development. The gut resistome can evolve in an environment subject to various selective pressures, including antibiotic administration and environmental and lifestyle factors (e.g., diet, age, gender, and living conditions), and interventions through probiotics. Strategies to reduce the abundance of clinically relevant antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their resistance determinants in various environmental niches are needed to ensure the mitigation of acquired antibiotic resistance. With the help of effective measures taken at the national, local, personal, and intestinal management, it will also result in preventing or minimizing the spread of infectious diseases. This review aims to improve our understanding of the correlations between intestinal microbiota and antimicrobial resistance and provide a basis for the development of management strategies to mitigate the antimicrobial resistance crisis.
摘要：
抗菌素耐药性的出现和迅速传播是全球公共卫生关注的问题。肠道微生物群具有多种共生和机会细菌，可以通过水平和垂直基因转移获得抗性，被认为是抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的重要储库和汇。在这次审查中,我们描述了肠道ARGs的储库及其在动物和人类中的动态，使用一个健康的观点来追踪含ARG细菌在人与人之间的传播，动物,和环境，并评估抗菌素耐药性对人类健康和社会经济发展的影响。肠道抗性组可以在受到各种选择性压力的环境中进化，包括抗生素管理以及环境和生活方式因素(例如，饮食，年龄,性别,和生活条件)，以及通过益生菌进行干预。需要减少临床相关抗生素抗性细菌的丰度及其在各种环境生态位中的抗性决定因素的策略，以确保减轻获得性抗生素抗性。在国家采取的有效措施的帮助下，当地,个人,和肠道管理，这也将导致防止或尽量减少传染病的传播。这篇综述旨在提高我们对肠道微生物群与抗菌药物耐药性之间相关性的认识，并为制定缓解抗菌药物耐药性危机的管理策略提供依据。
