PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Renal calculi are a common clinical presentation. While ultrasound (US) is a widely used imaging modality for kidney stone diagnosis due to its accessibility and lower cost, its accuracy compared to computerized tomography (CT), the gold standard, remains understudied. This cross-sectional study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for detecting and characterizing kidney stones compared to computed tomography (CT). Fifty-six patients with suspected kidney stones based on flank pain underwent abdominal ultrasound to assess stone presence, size, location, and the severity of any hydronephrosis (kidney swelling). These findings were then confirmed with a subsequent non-contrast CT scan. There was a fair agreement between US and CT (Kappa = 0.368) for detecting the stone location. The US could not detect 7 (12.5%) stones, being less sensitive in the middle and upper calyx compared to CT. There was a fair agreement between the US and CT (Kappa = 0.394) for detecting the severity of hydronephrosis. The US was less sensitive to moderate and severe hydronephrosis compared to CT. The abdominal ultrasound demonstrated excellent reliability for stone size measurement (intraclass correlation = 0.924), with CT measurements only slightly larger on average (mean difference 0.9 mm). Although abdominal ultrasound provides reliable stone size assessment, its capacity to accurately localize stones and assess hydronephrosis severity is limited.
摘要：
肾结石是常见的临床表现。虽然超声（US）由于其可及性和较低的成本而被广泛用于肾结石诊断的成像方式，与计算机断层扫描(CT)相比，黄金标准,仍未研究。这项横断面研究评估了与计算机断层扫描（CT）相比，超声检测和表征肾结石的诊断准确性。56例因侧腹疼痛而疑似肾结石的患者接受了腹部超声检查，以评估结石的存在，尺寸,location,以及任何肾积水（肾脏肿胀）的严重程度。然后通过随后的非造影CT扫描证实了这些发现。美国和CT（Kappa=0.368）之间就检测结石位置达成了公平的协议。美国无法检测到7（12.5％）结石，与CT相比，中部和上部花萼的敏感性较低。在检测肾积水的严重程度方面，美国和CT之间达成了一致（Kappa=0.394）。与CT相比，美国对中度和重度肾积水的敏感性较低。腹部超声显示结石大小测量的良好可靠性（组内相关性=0.924），CT测量值平均仅稍大（平均差0.9毫米）。虽然腹部超声提供可靠的结石大小评估，其精确定位结石和评估肾积水严重程度的能力有限。
