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Abstract：
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Body composition and inflammatory markers are increasingly important for predicting cancer prognosis. The Cancer Cachexia Index (CXI) and the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) are two new markers evaluating prognosis in cancer. In this study, we evaluated the utility of the CXI and the modified GPS in young patients with breast cancer. Methods Eighty patients diagnosed between 2012 and 2023 were included in the study. The following information was recorded: patient features, pathological subtype, estrogen receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) status, disease stage, therapies, disease recurrence, and last control or death date. The CXI and the modified GPS were calculated using clinical data, including skeletal muscle index, albumin, C-reactive protein, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Results There were no differences in overall survival with respect to the CXI in the study population (p=0.96). Only stage 4 patients showed statistically significant survival differences according to the CXI (p=0.046). Although the median survival time was not reached for the modified GPS groups, there was a statistical overall survival difference favoring the negative group (p=0.017). No significant differences were observed in disease-free survival due to the CXI (p=0.128). In multivariate analysis, no factors, including the modified GPS and the CXI, influenced overall survival. There was a significant effect of the modified GPS and body mass index on recurrence (p=0.037; p=0.034). The CXI had a non-significant marginal p-value (p=0.074). Conclusion Our study showed that the modified GPS may be related to disease-free survival and overall survival, whereas the CXI has a more prominent prognostic effect on overall survival in advanced-stage breast cancers. In early-stage and young patients, optimization of risk scores is lacking.
摘要：
背景技术乳腺癌是女性中最常见的癌症。身体成分和炎症标志物对于预测癌症预后越来越重要。癌症恶病质指数（CXI）和改良的格拉斯哥预后评分（GPS）是评估癌症预后的两个新指标。在这项研究中,我们评估了CHI和改良GPS在年轻乳腺癌患者中的应用价值.方法将2012年至2023年确诊的80例患者纳入研究。记录以下信息：患者特征，病理亚型,雌激素受体和人表皮生长因子受体2（HER-2）状态，疾病阶段,疗法,疾病复发,和最后控制或死亡日期。使用临床数据计算了CXI和改良的GPS，包括骨骼肌指数,白蛋白,C反应蛋白,和中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞的比率。结果在研究人群中，与CVI相比，总体生存率没有差异（p=0.96）。只有4期患者根据CXI显示出统计学上显著的生存差异(p=0.046)。尽管改良GPS组的中位生存时间未达到，阴性组的总体生存差异具有统计学意义(p=0.017).在无疾病生存中没有观察到显著差异(p=0.128)。在多变量分析中，没有因素,包括改良的GPS和CXI,影响总体生存率。改良GPS和体重指数对复发有显着影响（p=0.037；p=0.034）。CXI具有不显著的边际p值(p=0.074)。结论我们的研究表明，改良GPS可能与无病生存率和总生存率有关。而CXI对晚期乳腺癌患者的总生存期具有更显著的预后效应.在早期和年轻患者中，缺乏风险评分的优化。
