PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Esophageal cancer is considered one of the most significant challenges to public health worldwide. While various therapeutic options exist for esophageal cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, several adverse effects of these medications have been reported. Therefore, a new generation of therapeutic lines should be applied to minimize complications. In this regard, immunotherapy is a novel approach that aims to kill tumor cells directly by targeting them. Specifically, monoclonal antibodies can target specific markers of esophageal cancer tumor cells, keeping other normal cells safe. Multiple monoclonal antibodies optimized for esophageal cancer, such as pembrolizumab, ramucirumab, trastuzumab, nivolumab, and ipilimumab, are available. On the other hand, esophageal cancer tumor cells express a specific inhibitory ligand and its receptor called programmed cell death, which can suppress T cell immune responses. This receptor provides an inhibitory signal, causing the highest expression of the PD-L1 ligand on tumor cells. The outcomes of this interaction lead to the suppression of the activation and function of T lymphocytes. Therefore, immunotherapy for esophageal cancer targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has shown a remarkable correlation with cancer care. This study presents a comprehensive review of the latest findings related to immunotherapy in esophageal cancer.
摘要：
食管癌被认为是全球公共卫生面临的最重大挑战之一。虽然食道癌存在各种治疗选择，包括化疗,放射治疗,和手术，已经报道了这些药物的一些不良反应.因此,应采用新一代的治疗方法来减少并发症.在这方面,免疫疗法是一种旨在通过靶向直接杀死肿瘤细胞的新方法。具体来说,单克隆抗体可以靶向食管癌肿瘤细胞的特异性标志物，保持其他正常细胞的安全。针对食管癌优化的多种单克隆抗体，比如pembrolizumab，雷莫珠单抗,曲妥珠单抗,Nivolumab,还有ipilimumab,是可用的。另一方面,食管癌肿瘤细胞表达一种特异性抑制配体及其受体，称为程序性细胞死亡，可以抑制T细胞免疫反应。这种受体提供抑制信号,导致PD-L1配体在肿瘤细胞上的最高表达。这种相互作用的结果导致抑制T淋巴细胞的活化和功能。因此,针对PD-1/PD-L1通路的食管癌免疫治疗已显示出与癌症治疗的显著相关性。本研究对食管癌免疫治疗的最新发现进行了全面综述。
