Abstract：
A systematic evaluation of the differences in the chemical composition and efficacy of the different forms of Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum(GGEC) was conducted based on modern analytical techniques and a functional dyspepsia(FD) rat model, which clarifies the material basis of the digestive efficacy of GGEC. Proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides, amino acids, and flavonoids in GGEC powder and decoction were determined respectively. The total protein of the powder and decoction was 0.06% and 0.65%, respectively, and the pepsin and amylase potency of the powder was 27.03 and 44.05 U·mg~(-1) respectively. The polysaccharide of the decoction was 0.03%, and there was no polysaccharide detected in the powder. The total L-type amino acids in the powder and decoction were 279.81 and 8.27 mg·g~(-1) respectively, and the total flavonoid content was 59.51 μg·g~(-1). Enzymes and flavonoids were not detected in the decoction. The powder significantly reduced nutrient paste viscosity, while the decoction and control group showed no significant reduction in nutrient paste viscosity. FD rat models were prepared by iodoacetamide gavage and irregular diet. The results showed that both powder and decoction significantly increased the gastric emptying effect, small intestinal propulsion rate, digestive enzymes activity, gastrin(GAS), motilin(MTL), ghrelin(GHRL) and reduced vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP), 3-(2-ammo-nioethyl)-5-hydroxy-1H-indolium maleate(5-HT), and somatostatin(SST) content in rats(P<0.05, P<0.01). Comparison of GGEC decoction and powder administration between groups of the same dosage level showed that gastrointestinal propulsion and serum levels of GAS, GHRL, VIP, and SST in the powder group were significantly superior to those in the decoction and that the gastrointestinal propulsion, as well as serum levels of MTL, GAS, and GHRL were slightly higher than those of the decoction with two times its raw dose, and the serum levels of SST, 5-HT, and VIP in the powder group were slightly lower than those of the decoction with two times its raw dose. In conclusion, both decoction and powder have therapeutic effects on FD, but there is a significant difference between the two effects. Under the same dosage, the digestive efficacy of the powder is significantly better than that of the decoction, and the decoction needs to increase the dosage to compensate for the efficacy. It is hypothesized that the digestive efficacy of the GGEC has a duality, and the digestive active ingredients of the powder may include enzymes and L-type amino acids, while the decoction mainly relies on L-type amino acids to exert its efficacy. This study provides new evidence to investigate the digestive active substances of the GGEC and to improve the effectiveness of the drug in the clinic.
摘要：
根据现代分析技术和功能性消化不良（FD）大鼠模型，对不同形式的GalliGigerii内皮角膜（GGEC）的化学成分和功效差异进行了系统评估，阐明了GGEC消化功效的物质基础。蛋白质,酶，多糖，氨基酸,分别测定了GGEC粉剂和汤剂中的黄酮。粉剂和汤剂的总蛋白质分别为0.06％和0.65％，分别,粉末的胃蛋白酶和淀粉酶效价分别为27.03和44.05U·mg〜（-1）。汤剂的多糖含量为0.03%，并且在粉末中没有检测到多糖。粉剂和汤剂中L型氨基酸总量分别为279.81和8.27mg·g~(-1),总黄酮含量为59.51μg·g~(-1)。汤剂中未检测到酶和类黄酮。粉末显着降低营养糊的粘度，而汤剂组和对照组营养糊粘度无显著降低。采用碘乙酰胺灌胃和不规则饮食制备FD大鼠模型。结果表明,散剂和汤剂均能显著提高胃排空效果,小肠推进率，消化酶活性，胃泌素(GAS),胃动素（MTL），生长素释放肽（GHRL）和减少的血管活性肠肽（VIP），3-（2-氨基-乙基）-5-羟基-1H-吲哚马来酸盐（5-HT），大鼠生长抑素（SST）含量（P＆lt;0.05，P＆lt;0.01）。相同剂量组之间GGEC汤剂和散剂给药的比较表明，胃肠推进和血清GAS水平，GHRL,VIP,和SST在粉末组明显优于那些在汤剂和胃肠推进，以及MTL的血清水平，GAS,GHRL略高于其原剂量两倍的汤剂，和血清SST水平，5-HT,粉末组的VIP略低于原始剂量2倍的汤剂。总之,汤剂和散剂都对FD有治疗作用，但是两种效应之间存在显着差异。在相同的剂量下，粉末的消化功效明显优于汤剂，汤剂需要增加剂量来补偿疗效。假设GGEC的消化功效具有双重性，粉末的消化活性成分可以包括酶和L型氨基酸，而汤剂主要依靠L型氨基酸来发挥其功效。该研究为研究GGEC的消化活性物质和提高药物在临床上的有效性提供了新的证据。
