Abstract：
The main cause of many neurodegenerative diseases and systemic amyloidoses is protein and peptide aggregation and the formation of amyloid fibrils. The study of aggregation mechanisms, the discovery and description of aggregate structures, and a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of amyloid formation are of great importance for the diagnostic processes at the molecular level and for the development of therapeutic strategies to counter aggregation-associated disorders. Given that understanding protein misfolding phenomena is directly related to the protein folding process, we will briefly explain the protein folding mechanism and then discuss the important factors involved in protein aggregation. In the following, we review different mechanisms of amyloid formation and finally represent the current knowledge on how amyloid fibrils are formed based on kinetic and thermodynamic factors.
摘要：
许多神经退行性疾病和系统性淀粉样变症的主要原因是蛋白质和肽的聚集以及淀粉样原纤维的形成。聚集机制的研究，聚合结构的发现和描述，全面了解淀粉样蛋白形成的分子机制对于分子水平的诊断过程和治疗策略的发展具有重要意义。鉴于理解蛋白质错误折叠现象与蛋白质折叠过程直接相关，我们将简要解释蛋白质折叠机制，然后讨论参与蛋白质聚集的重要因素。在下文中，我们回顾了淀粉样蛋白形成的不同机制，最后介绍了基于动力学和热力学因素的淀粉样纤维如何形成的最新知识。
