PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Currently, little is known about the spatial variability of significant soil properties and their relationships to forest ecosystems of different vegetation grades. This work evaluates the variability of the properties of the upper layer of Cambisol taxa and their relationship to altitude and forest ecosystems of 2nd to 5th forest vegetation grades selected in the Western Carpathians using PCA and regression analysis. The content of clay, total carbon and total nitrogen, humus, energy, and ash in the soils varied between 5.43 and 11.53 %, 21-65 mg g-1, 1.9-4.7 mg g-1, 36-112 mg g-1, 438.4-5845.7 J g-1 and 852.9-946.3 mg g-1, and C/N, pHH2O, and pHKCl values ranged between 11.2 and 16.7, 4.0-5.8 and 3.1-4.6. PCA showed that EAC in the 3rd oak-beech vegetation grade had significantly higher pH values and significantly lower energy content, ESC in the 4th beech vegetation grade had a significantly higher ash content and a significantly lower energy content, and DC in the 5th fir-beech vegetation grade had a significantly higher content of Ct, Nt, and humus. Linear regression revealed a strong negative correlation between the energy content and soil reaction (R2 for pHH2O = 0.48; R2 for pHKCl = 0.38) for all Cambisol taxa. Ct content and ash show a strong negative correlation (R2 = 0.78). The positive relationship between altitude and FVGs was found only for the soil Ct (R2 = 0.87), Nt (R2 = 0.81), and humus content (R2 = 0.87). A strong negative linear relationship between altitude and FVGs showed the ash content (R2 = 0.77). In turn, the oscillatory, polynomial course had a relationship between the clay content (R2 = 0.65) and energy (R2 = 0.75) to altitude and FVGs. Recognizing significant soil variables and better understanding their impact on the development of forest ecosystems is a prerequisite for distinguishing areas with the highest risk of their damage under conditions of various anthropogenic interventions and climate change. Therefore, this topic continues to require increased research efforts. For this reason, a better understanding of the relationships between soil properties and ecologically differentiated communities of forest ecosystems will allow us to identify areas with the highest risk of ecological changes that could lead to the degradation of European forests in the future.
摘要：
目前,对重要土壤特性的空间变异性及其与不同植被等级的森林生态系统的关系知之甚少。这项工作使用PCA和回归分析评估了Cambisol分类群上层特性的变异性及其与西部喀尔巴山脉中选择的第二至第五森林植被等级的海拔和森林生态系统的关系。粘土的含量，总碳和总氮，腐殖质,能源,土壤中的灰分在5.43%到11.53%之间，21-65mgg-1，1.9-4.7mgg-1，36-112mgg-1，438.4-5845.7Jg-1和852.9-946.3mgg-1，以及C/N，pHH2O,pHKCl值介于11.2和16.7、4.0-5.8和3.1-4.6之间。PCA结果表明，第三橡木-山毛榉植被等级的EAC具有明显较高的pH值和明显较低的能量含量，4级山毛榉植被中的ESC具有明显较高的灰分含量和明显较低的能量含量，5冷杉-山毛榉植被等级的DC具有明显较高的Ct含量，Nt,还有腐殖质.线性回归显示，所有Cambisol类群的能量含量与土壤反应之间存在很强的负相关（pHH2O的R2=0.48；pHKCl的R2=0.38）。Ct含量与灰分呈强负相关(R2=0.78)。仅在土壤Ct（R2=0.87）中发现了海拔高度与FVG之间的正相关关系，Nt（R2=0.81），和腐殖质含量(R2=0.87)。海拔高度与FVGs之间呈强烈的负线性关系，显示灰分含量（R2=0.77）。反过来,振荡，多项式路线在粘土含量（R2=0.65）和能量（R2=0.75）与海拔和FVG之间存在关系。认识到重要的土壤变量并更好地了解其对森林生态系统发展的影响，是区分在各种人为干预措施和气候变化条件下遭受破坏风险最高的地区的先决条件。因此,这一主题仍然需要加大研究力度。出于这个原因,更好地了解土壤特性与森林生态系统生态分化群落之间的关系，将使我们能够确定生态变化风险最高的地区，这些地区可能导致未来欧洲森林退化。
