Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This review explores the epidemiology, clinical traits, and diagnosis of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement-Associated Infective Endocarditis (TAVR-IE) and mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair infective endocarditis (TEER-IE), focusing on a multimodal imaging approach. It addresses the rising prevalence of TAVR and TEER, emphasizing the need to understand long-term complications and clinical consequences, which poses significant challenges despite advancements in valve technology.
RESULTS: Studies report a variable incidence of TAVR-IE and TEER-IE influenced by diverse patient risk profiles and procedural factors. Younger age, male gender, and certain comorbidities emerge as patient-related risk factors. Procedure-related factors include intervention location, valve type, and technical aspects. Microbiologically, Staphylococcus aureus, Viridans Group Streptococcus, and Enterococcus are frequently encountered pathogens. TAVR-IE and TEER-IE diagnosis involves a multimodal imaging approach due to limitations in echocardiography. Blood cultures and imaging aid identification, with Fluorescence in situ hybridization is showing promise. Treatment encompasses medical management with antibiotics and, when necessary, surgical intervention. The management approach requires a multidisciplinary \"Endocarditis Team.\" This review underscores the need for continued research to refine risk prediction, enhance diagnostic accuracy, and optimize management strategies for TAVR-IE, considering the evolving landscape of transcatheter interventions.
RESULTS: Studies report a variable incidence of TAVR-IE and TEER-IE influenced by diverse patient risk profiles and procedural factors. Younger age, male gender, and certain comorbidities emerge as patient-related risk factors. Procedure-related factors include intervention location, valve type, and technical aspects. Microbiologically, Staphylococcus aureus, Viridans Group Streptococcus, and Enterococcus are frequently encountered pathogens. TAVR-IE and TEER-IE diagnosis involves a multimodal imaging approach due to limitations in echocardiography. Blood cultures and imaging aid identification, with Fluorescence in situ hybridization is showing promise. Treatment encompasses medical management with antibiotics and, when necessary, surgical intervention. The management approach requires a multidisciplinary \"Endocarditis Team.\" This review underscores the need for continued research to refine risk prediction, enhance diagnostic accuracy, and optimize management strategies for TAVR-IE, considering the evolving landscape of transcatheter interventions.
摘要：
目的：这篇综述探讨了流行病学，临床特征，经导管主动脉瓣置换术相关感染性心内膜炎（TAVR-IE）和二尖瓣经导管边缘到边缘修复感染性心内膜炎（TEER-IE）的诊断，专注于多模态成像方法。它解决了TAVR和TEER患病率上升的问题，强调需要了解长期并发症和临床后果，这提出了重大挑战，尽管在阀门技术的进步。
结果：研究报告TAVR-IE和TEER-IE的不同发生率受不同患者风险特征和手术因素的影响。年龄更小,男性,某些合并症作为患者相关的危险因素出现。与程序相关的因素包括干预地点，阀门类型,和技术方面。微生物学，金黄色葡萄球菌,Viridans群链球菌,肠球菌是经常遇到的病原体。由于超声心动图的局限性，TAVR-IE和TEER-IE诊断涉及多模态成像方法。血液培养和成像辅助鉴定，荧光原位杂交显示出希望。治疗包括抗生素的医疗管理，必要时,手术干预。管理方法需要多学科的心内膜炎团队。“这篇综述强调了持续研究以完善风险预测的必要性，提高诊断准确性，优化TAVR-IE的管理策略，考虑到经导管介入治疗的不断发展。
结果：研究报告TAVR-IE和TEER-IE的不同发生率受不同患者风险特征和手术因素的影响。年龄更小,男性,某些合并症作为患者相关的危险因素出现。与程序相关的因素包括干预地点，阀门类型,和技术方面。微生物学，金黄色葡萄球菌,Viridans群链球菌,肠球菌是经常遇到的病原体。由于超声心动图的局限性，TAVR-IE和TEER-IE诊断涉及多模态成像方法。血液培养和成像辅助鉴定，荧光原位杂交显示出希望。治疗包括抗生素的医疗管理，必要时,手术干预。管理方法需要多学科的心内膜炎团队。“这篇综述强调了持续研究以完善风险预测的必要性，提高诊断准确性，优化TAVR-IE的管理策略，考虑到经导管介入治疗的不断发展。
