Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Exercise has the potential to reduce the susceptibility to comorbidity and cardiovascular disease in kidney transplant recipients. However, kidney transplant recipients report lower levels of exercise compared to the general population, prompting an investigation into the barriers and enablers to exercise in this transplant cohort.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to explore and map the barriers and enablers to exercise in kidney transplant recipients.
METHODS: Seven electronic databases were systematically searched. Themes were synthesised and then deductively categorised using the Theoretical Domains Framework.
RESULTS: Eleven studies were included in the review. Commonly reported barriers to exercise were lack of exercise guidance (n = 9 studies), physical limitations (n = 5 studies) and a fear of harming the kidney (n = 7 studies). Enablers were a desire to return to normality (n = 5 studies), physical and mental benefits (n = 3 studies), goal setting and tracking improvements (n = 3 studies). At the local level, barriers identified by kidney transplant recipients were a lack of knowledge, fear of injuring the kidney, bad weather and physical limitations. Perceived enablers were already living an active lifestyle, mental benefits, exercise preferences and social support.
CONCLUSIONS: Key findings of this research were an increased demand for specific/explicit exercise information regarding type and intensity, and personalised guidance and support for kidney transplant recipients after transplantation. These findings can be used to inform the development of exercise resources and interventions for kidney transplant recipients and their health care professionals within the local community and at a greater level.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to explore and map the barriers and enablers to exercise in kidney transplant recipients.
METHODS: Seven electronic databases were systematically searched. Themes were synthesised and then deductively categorised using the Theoretical Domains Framework.
RESULTS: Eleven studies were included in the review. Commonly reported barriers to exercise were lack of exercise guidance (n = 9 studies), physical limitations (n = 5 studies) and a fear of harming the kidney (n = 7 studies). Enablers were a desire to return to normality (n = 5 studies), physical and mental benefits (n = 3 studies), goal setting and tracking improvements (n = 3 studies). At the local level, barriers identified by kidney transplant recipients were a lack of knowledge, fear of injuring the kidney, bad weather and physical limitations. Perceived enablers were already living an active lifestyle, mental benefits, exercise preferences and social support.
CONCLUSIONS: Key findings of this research were an increased demand for specific/explicit exercise information regarding type and intensity, and personalised guidance and support for kidney transplant recipients after transplantation. These findings can be used to inform the development of exercise resources and interventions for kidney transplant recipients and their health care professionals within the local community and at a greater level.
摘要：
背景：运动有可能降低肾移植受者对合并症和心血管疾病的易感性。然而,与普通人群相比，肾移植受者的运动水平较低，促使对该移植队列中运动的障碍和推动者进行调查。
目的：本系统综述旨在探索和绘制肾移植受者运动的障碍和促进因素。
方法：系统检索了7个电子数据库。对主题进行合成，然后使用理论域框架进行演绎分类。
结果：11项研究纳入本综述。通常报道的运动障碍是缺乏运动指导(n=9项研究)，身体限制（n=5项研究）和害怕伤害肾脏（n=7项研究）。催育者希望恢复正常(n=5项研究)，身体和心理益处（n=3项研究），目标设定和跟踪改进(n=3项研究)。在地方一级,肾移植受者发现的障碍是缺乏知识，害怕伤害肾脏，恶劣的天气和身体的限制。感知推动者已经过着积极的生活方式，精神上的好处,锻炼偏好和社会支持。
结论：这项研究的主要发现是对有关类型和强度的特定/明确运动信息的需求增加，以及对肾移植受者移植后的个性化指导和支持。这些发现可用于为肾移植受者及其当地社区和更高层次的医疗保健专业人员开发运动资源和干预措施。
目的：本系统综述旨在探索和绘制肾移植受者运动的障碍和促进因素。
方法：系统检索了7个电子数据库。对主题进行合成，然后使用理论域框架进行演绎分类。
结果：11项研究纳入本综述。通常报道的运动障碍是缺乏运动指导(n=9项研究)，身体限制（n=5项研究）和害怕伤害肾脏（n=7项研究）。催育者希望恢复正常(n=5项研究)，身体和心理益处（n=3项研究），目标设定和跟踪改进(n=3项研究)。在地方一级,肾移植受者发现的障碍是缺乏知识，害怕伤害肾脏，恶劣的天气和身体的限制。感知推动者已经过着积极的生活方式，精神上的好处,锻炼偏好和社会支持。
结论：这项研究的主要发现是对有关类型和强度的特定/明确运动信息的需求增加，以及对肾移植受者移植后的个性化指导和支持。这些发现可用于为肾移植受者及其当地社区和更高层次的医疗保健专业人员开发运动资源和干预措施。
