Abstract：
The growing biotechnology industry has focused a lot of attention on biosurfactants because of several advantages over synthetic surfactants. These benefits include worldwide public health, environmental sustainability, and the increasing demand from sectors for environmentally friendly products. Replacement with biosurfactants can reduce upto 8% lifetime CO2 emissions avoiding about 1.5 million tons of greenhouse gas released into the atmosphere. Therefore, the demand for biosurfactants has risen sharply occupying about 10% (∼10 million tons/year) of the world production of surfactants. Biosurfactants\' distinct amphipathic structure, which is made up of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, enables these molecules to perform essential functions in emulsification, foam formation, detergency, and oil dispersion-all of which are highly valued characteristic in a variety of sectors. Today, a variety of biosurfactants are manufactured on a commercial scale for use in the food, petroleum, and agricultural industries, as well as the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. We provide a thorough analysis of the body of knowledge on microbial biosurfactants that has been gained over time in this research. We also discuss the benefits and obstacles that need to be overcome for the effective development and use of biosurfactants, as well as their present and future industrial uses.
摘要：
由于与合成表面活性剂相比具有多种优势，因此不断发展的生物技术行业将大量注意力集中在生物表面活性剂上。这些好处包括全球公共卫生，环境可持续性,以及各部门对环保产品的需求不断增加。用生物表面活性剂替代可以减少高达8%的终生二氧化碳排放，避免释放到大气中的约150万吨温室气体。因此,对生物表面活性剂的需求急剧上升，占世界表面活性剂产量的10%(约1000万吨/年)。生物表面活性剂独特的两亲结构，由亲水和疏水成分组成，使这些分子在乳化中发挥基本功能，泡沫形成,去污力,和石油分散——所有这些都是各个部门高度重视的特征。今天,各种生物表面活性剂以商业规模生产用于食品，石油,和农业产业，以及制药和化妆品行业。我们提供了关于微生物生物表面活性剂的知识体系的全面分析，这些知识是在这项研究中随着时间的推移而获得的。我们还讨论了有效开发和使用生物表面活性剂需要克服的好处和障碍，以及它们现在和未来的工业用途。
