PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have contributed to attenuating the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic by promoting the development of effective immune responses, thus reducing the spread and severity of the pandemic. A clinical trial with the Sputnik-V vaccine was conducted in Venezuela from December 2020 to July 2021. The aim of this study was to explore the antibody reactivity of vaccinated individuals towards different regions of the spike protein (S). Neutralizing antibody (NAb) activity was assessed using a commercial surrogate assay, detecting NAbs against the receptor-binding domain (RBD), and a plaque reduction neutralization test. NAb levels were correlated with the reactivity of the antibodies to the spike regions over time. The presence of Abs against nucleoprotein was also determined to rule out the effect of exposure to the virus during the clinical trial in the serological response. A high serological reactivity was observed to S and specifically to S1 and the RBD. S2, although recognized with lower intensity by vaccinated individuals, was the subunit exhibiting the highest cross-reactivity in prepandemic sera. This study is in agreement with the high efficacy reported for the Sputnik V vaccine and shows that this vaccine is able to induce an immunity lasting for at least 180 days. The dissection of the Ab reactivity to different regions of S allowed us to identify the relevance of epitopes outside the RBD that are able to induce NAbs. This research may contribute to the understanding of vaccine immunity against SARS-CoV-2, which could contribute to the design of future vaccine strategies.
摘要：
SARS-CoV-2疫苗通过促进有效免疫反应的发展，为减轻COVID-19大流行的负担做出了贡献，从而减少大流行的传播和严重程度。2020年12月至2021年7月在委内瑞拉进行了Sputnik-V疫苗的临床试验。这项研究的目的是探索接种疫苗的个体对刺突蛋白（S）不同区域的抗体反应性。中和抗体（NAb）活性使用商业替代测定法进行评估，检测针对受体结合域（RBD）的NAb，和斑块减少中和试验。随着时间的推移,NAb水平与抗体对刺突区域的反应性相关。还确定了抗核蛋白的Ab的存在，以排除在血清学反应中临床试验期间暴露于病毒的影响。观察到对S和特别是S1和RBD的高血清学反应性。S2，虽然接种疫苗的个体认可的强度较低，是在贫血前血清中表现出最高交叉反应性的亚基。该研究与报道的SputnikV疫苗的高效力一致,并且表明该疫苗能够诱导持续至少180天的免疫。对S的不同区域的Ab反应性的解剖允许我们鉴定能够诱导NAb的RBD外部的表位的相关性。这项研究可能有助于了解针对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗免疫，这可能有助于设计未来的疫苗策略。
