PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The newest virus from the SARS family of viruses called acute syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19 disease, was identified in China at the end of 2019. In March 2020, after it spread to 29 additional countries, it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). SARS-CoV-2 infection mainly starts through the respiratory tract and causes a wide spectrum of symptoms from asymptomatic infections to acute respiratory distress syndrome with multi-organ failure and vasoplegic shock. Among the many immunomodulatory and antiviral drugs that have been studied for the treatment of COVID-19, methylene blue (MB) may play an influential role. This article reviews the history of MB applications, the antiviral effects of MB against SARS-CoV-2, and the results of in vivo and in vitro studies of the use of MB in COVID-19. Based on studies, MB can simultaneously affect most of the host\'s harmful responses caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection due to its multiple properties, including anti-hypoxemia, anti-oxidant, immune system modulator, and antiviral. The use of MB is associated with a reduction in the possibility of getting infection, and mortality, and can be used as a safe, effective, cheap, and available treatment option with minimal side effects for the clinical management of COVID-19.
摘要：
SARS病毒家族的最新病毒称为急性综合征-冠状病毒-2（SARS-CoV-2），导致COVID-19疾病，于2019年底在中国确定。2020年3月，在它传播到另外29个国家之后，世界卫生组织（WHO）宣布它为大流行。SARS-CoV-2感染主要通过呼吸道开始，并引起从无症状感染到急性呼吸窘迫综合征并伴有多器官衰竭和血管麻痹性休克的广泛症状。在已研究用于治疗COVID-19的许多免疫调节和抗病毒药物中，亚甲蓝（MB）可能起着重要作用。本文回顾了MB应用程序的历史，MB对SARS-CoV-2的抗病毒作用，以及MB在COVID-19中使用的体内和体外研究结果。根据研究,由于其多种特性，MB可以同时影响SARS-CoV-2感染引起的大多数宿主的有害反应，包括抗低氧血症,抗氧化剂，免疫系统调节剂，和抗病毒。MB的使用与感染可能性的降低有关，和死亡率，可以用作保险箱，有效,便宜,和可用的治疗选择，副作用最小，可用于COVID-19的临床管理。
