PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Studying the ecological risk of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to wild animals from human disturbance (HD) is an important aspect of \"One Health\". The highest risk level of ARGs is reflected in pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria (PARBs). Metagenomics was used to analyze the characteristics of PARBs in river sediments. Then, the total contribution of ARGs and virulence factors (VFs) were assessed to determine the health risk of PARBs to the rivers. Results showed that HD increased the diversity and total relative abundance of ARG groups, as well as increased the kinds of PARBs, their total relative abundance, and their gene numbers of ARGs and VFs. The total health risks of PARBs in wild habitat group (CK group), agriculture group (WA group), grazing group (WG group), and domestic sewage group (WS group) were 0.067 × 10-3, -1.55 × 10-3, 87.93 × 10-3, and 153.53 × 10-3, respectively. Grazing and domestic sewage increased the health risk of PARBs. However, agriculture did not increase the total health risk of the rivers, but agriculture also introduced new pathogenic mechanisms and increased the range of drug resistance. More serious was the increased transfer risk of ARGs in the PARBs from the rivers to wild animals under agriculture and grazing. If the ARGs in the PARBs are transferred from the rivers under HD to wild animals, then wild animals may face severe challenges of acquiring new pathogenic mechanisms and developing resistance to antibiotics. Further analysis showed that the total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) were related to the risk of ARGs. Therefore, controlling human emissions of TP and DON could reduce the health risk of rivers.
摘要：
研究人类干扰（HD）对野生动物的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的生态风险是“一个健康”的重要方面。ARGs的最高风险水平反映在致病性抗生素抗性细菌(PARBs)中。利用宏基因组学技术分析了河流沉积物中PARB的特征。然后，对ARGs和毒力因子(VFs)的总贡献进行了评估,以确定PARBs对河流的健康风险.结果表明，HD增加了ARG组的多样性和总相对丰度，以及增加了PARB的种类，它们的总相对丰度，以及它们的ARGs和VFs基因数量。野生栖息地组（CK组）中PARB的总健康风险，农业集团（WA集团），放牧组（WG组），生活污水组（WS组）分别为0.067×10-3，-1.55×10-3，87.93×10-3和153.53×10-3。放牧和生活污水增加了PARB的健康风险。然而,农业并没有增加河流的总健康风险，但是农业也引入了新的致病机制，增加了耐药性的范围。更严重的是，在农业和放牧下，PARB中的ARG从河流转移到野生动物的风险增加。如果PARB中的ARG从HD下的河流转移到野生动物，那么野生动物可能面临获取新的致病机制和对抗生素产生耐药性的严峻挑战。进一步分析表明，总磷（TP）和溶解有机氮（DON）与ARGs的风险有关。因此,控制人类排放的TP和DON可以降低河流的健康风险。
