Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Yoga has shown promise as an add-on therapy for patients with schizophrenia. However, most studies have been short-term, with methodological limitations.
METHODS: We conducted a six-month parallel-group randomized-controlled trial (with rater blinding) to evaluate the effectiveness of a yoga-based intervention in improving symptoms and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. We recruited 110 patients from an urban tertiary hospital and a semi-urban community centre who met DSM 5 criteria for schizophrenia and were on stable medication for at least six weeks. Participants were randomly assigned to either yoga add-on therapy (YT) or treatment-as-usual (TAU) groups. Clinical assessments were conducted at baseline and at one, three and six months. The primary outcome was changes in positive/negative symptom scores and secondary outcomes included changes in quality of life, perceived stress and socio-occupational functioning.
RESULTS: Intention to treat analysis with a longitudinal mixed model approach revealed a significant group-by-time interaction with the YT group showing medium effect improvements in negative symptoms (η2p = 0.06) and small effect improvements in positive symptoms (η2p = 0.012), WHOQOL-BREF quality of life [psychological well-being (η2p = 0.015) and environmental health (η2p = 0.048)] when compared to TAU. The patients successfully learned and performed yoga practices without reporting any significant adverse effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that yoga-based intervention may be a valuable adjuvant therapy for medication-stabilized patients with schizophrenia, especially in ameliorating negative symptoms and enhancing quality of life. Future controlled trials, including active physical interventions, are crucial to validate yoga\'s efficacy, optimize clinical use, and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
METHODS: We conducted a six-month parallel-group randomized-controlled trial (with rater blinding) to evaluate the effectiveness of a yoga-based intervention in improving symptoms and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. We recruited 110 patients from an urban tertiary hospital and a semi-urban community centre who met DSM 5 criteria for schizophrenia and were on stable medication for at least six weeks. Participants were randomly assigned to either yoga add-on therapy (YT) or treatment-as-usual (TAU) groups. Clinical assessments were conducted at baseline and at one, three and six months. The primary outcome was changes in positive/negative symptom scores and secondary outcomes included changes in quality of life, perceived stress and socio-occupational functioning.
RESULTS: Intention to treat analysis with a longitudinal mixed model approach revealed a significant group-by-time interaction with the YT group showing medium effect improvements in negative symptoms (η2p = 0.06) and small effect improvements in positive symptoms (η2p = 0.012), WHOQOL-BREF quality of life [psychological well-being (η2p = 0.015) and environmental health (η2p = 0.048)] when compared to TAU. The patients successfully learned and performed yoga practices without reporting any significant adverse effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that yoga-based intervention may be a valuable adjuvant therapy for medication-stabilized patients with schizophrenia, especially in ameliorating negative symptoms and enhancing quality of life. Future controlled trials, including active physical interventions, are crucial to validate yoga\'s efficacy, optimize clinical use, and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
摘要：
背景：瑜伽已显示出有望作为精神分裂症患者的附加疗法。然而,大多数研究都是短期的，有方法论上的局限性。
方法：我们进行了为期6个月的平行组随机对照试验（评估者致盲），以评估基于瑜伽的干预措施在改善精神分裂症患者症状和生活质量方面的有效性。我们招募了110名来自城市三级医院和半城市社区中心的患者，这些患者符合DSM5精神分裂症标准，并在至少六周内服用稳定药物。参与者被随机分配到瑜伽附加疗法（YT）或照常治疗（TAU）组。临床评估在基线时进行，三个月又六个月.主要结局是阳性/阴性症状评分的变化，次要结局包括生活质量的变化。感知压力和社会职业功能。
结果：用纵向混合模型方法进行治疗分析的意图显示，与YT组的逐组相互作用显着，显示阴性症状的中等效果改善（η2p=0.06）和阳性症状的小效果改善（η2p=0.012）。与TAU相比，WHOQOL-BREF生活质量[心理健康（η2p=0.015）和环境健康（η2p=0.048）]。患者成功学习并进行了瑜伽练习，没有报告任何明显的不良反应。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，对于药物稳定的精神分裂症患者，基于瑜伽的干预可能是一种有价值的辅助治疗。特别是在改善阴性症状和提高生活质量方面。未来的对照试验，包括积极的身体干预，对验证瑜伽的功效至关重要，优化临床使用，并阐明潜在的机制。
方法：我们进行了为期6个月的平行组随机对照试验（评估者致盲），以评估基于瑜伽的干预措施在改善精神分裂症患者症状和生活质量方面的有效性。我们招募了110名来自城市三级医院和半城市社区中心的患者，这些患者符合DSM5精神分裂症标准，并在至少六周内服用稳定药物。参与者被随机分配到瑜伽附加疗法（YT）或照常治疗（TAU）组。临床评估在基线时进行，三个月又六个月.主要结局是阳性/阴性症状评分的变化，次要结局包括生活质量的变化。感知压力和社会职业功能。
结果：用纵向混合模型方法进行治疗分析的意图显示，与YT组的逐组相互作用显着，显示阴性症状的中等效果改善（η2p=0.06）和阳性症状的小效果改善（η2p=0.012）。与TAU相比，WHOQOL-BREF生活质量[心理健康（η2p=0.015）和环境健康（η2p=0.048）]。患者成功学习并进行了瑜伽练习，没有报告任何明显的不良反应。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，对于药物稳定的精神分裂症患者，基于瑜伽的干预可能是一种有价值的辅助治疗。特别是在改善阴性症状和提高生活质量方面。未来的对照试验，包括积极的身体干预，对验证瑜伽的功效至关重要，优化临床使用，并阐明潜在的机制。
